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Supraspinal characterization of the thermal grill illusion with fMRI
BACKGROUND: Simultaneous presentation of non-noxious warm (40°C) and cold (20°C) stimuli in an interlacing fashion results in a transient hot burning noxious sensation (matched at 46°C) known as the thermal grill (TG) illusion. Functional magnetic resonance imaging and psychophysical assessments wer...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3995740/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24612493 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1744-8069-10-18 |
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author | Leung, Albert Shukla, Shivshil Li, Eric Duann, Jeng-Ren Yaksh, Tony |
author_facet | Leung, Albert Shukla, Shivshil Li, Eric Duann, Jeng-Ren Yaksh, Tony |
author_sort | Leung, Albert |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Simultaneous presentation of non-noxious warm (40°C) and cold (20°C) stimuli in an interlacing fashion results in a transient hot burning noxious sensation (matched at 46°C) known as the thermal grill (TG) illusion. Functional magnetic resonance imaging and psychophysical assessments were utilized to compare the supraspinal events related to the spatial summation effect of three TG presentations: 20°C/20°C (G2020), 20°C/40°C (G2040) and 40°C/40°C (G4040) with corresponding matched thermode stimuli: 20°C (P20), 46°C (P46) and 40°C (P40) and hot pain (HP) stimuli. RESULTS: For G2040, the hot burning sensation was only noted during the initial off-line assessment. In comparison to P40, G4040 resulted in an equally enhanced response from all supraspinal regions associated with both pain sensory/discriminatory and noxious modulatory response. In comparison to P20, G2020 presentation resulted in a much earlier diminished/sedative response leading to a statistically significantly (P < 0.01) higher degree of deactivation in modulatory supraspinal areas activated by G4040. Granger Causality Analysis showed that while thalamic activation in HP may cast activation inference in all hot pain related somatosensory, affective and modulatory areas, similar activation in G2040 and G2020 resulted in deactivation inference in the corresponding areas. CONCLUSIONS: In short, the transient TG sensation is caused by a dissociated state derived from non-noxious warm and cold spatial summation interaction. The observed central dissociated state may share some parallels in certain chronic neuropathic pain states. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3995740 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-39957402014-04-23 Supraspinal characterization of the thermal grill illusion with fMRI Leung, Albert Shukla, Shivshil Li, Eric Duann, Jeng-Ren Yaksh, Tony Mol Pain Research BACKGROUND: Simultaneous presentation of non-noxious warm (40°C) and cold (20°C) stimuli in an interlacing fashion results in a transient hot burning noxious sensation (matched at 46°C) known as the thermal grill (TG) illusion. Functional magnetic resonance imaging and psychophysical assessments were utilized to compare the supraspinal events related to the spatial summation effect of three TG presentations: 20°C/20°C (G2020), 20°C/40°C (G2040) and 40°C/40°C (G4040) with corresponding matched thermode stimuli: 20°C (P20), 46°C (P46) and 40°C (P40) and hot pain (HP) stimuli. RESULTS: For G2040, the hot burning sensation was only noted during the initial off-line assessment. In comparison to P40, G4040 resulted in an equally enhanced response from all supraspinal regions associated with both pain sensory/discriminatory and noxious modulatory response. In comparison to P20, G2020 presentation resulted in a much earlier diminished/sedative response leading to a statistically significantly (P < 0.01) higher degree of deactivation in modulatory supraspinal areas activated by G4040. Granger Causality Analysis showed that while thalamic activation in HP may cast activation inference in all hot pain related somatosensory, affective and modulatory areas, similar activation in G2040 and G2020 resulted in deactivation inference in the corresponding areas. CONCLUSIONS: In short, the transient TG sensation is caused by a dissociated state derived from non-noxious warm and cold spatial summation interaction. The observed central dissociated state may share some parallels in certain chronic neuropathic pain states. BioMed Central 2014-03-11 /pmc/articles/PMC3995740/ /pubmed/24612493 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1744-8069-10-18 Text en Copyright © 2014 Leung et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Leung, Albert Shukla, Shivshil Li, Eric Duann, Jeng-Ren Yaksh, Tony Supraspinal characterization of the thermal grill illusion with fMRI |
title | Supraspinal characterization of the thermal grill illusion with fMRI |
title_full | Supraspinal characterization of the thermal grill illusion with fMRI |
title_fullStr | Supraspinal characterization of the thermal grill illusion with fMRI |
title_full_unstemmed | Supraspinal characterization of the thermal grill illusion with fMRI |
title_short | Supraspinal characterization of the thermal grill illusion with fMRI |
title_sort | supraspinal characterization of the thermal grill illusion with fmri |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3995740/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24612493 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1744-8069-10-18 |
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