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Human rabies surveillance and control in China, 2005–2012
BACKGROUND: Rabies reemerged in China during the 1990s with a gradual increase in the number and geographical dispersion of cases. As a consequence, a national surveillance program was introduced in 2005 to investigate the outbreak in terms of vaccination coverage, PEP treatment, and geographical an...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4004447/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24742224 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-14-212 |
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author | Song, Miao Tang, Qing Rayner, Simon Tao, Xiao-Yan Li, Hao Guo, Zhen-Yang Shen, Xin-Xin Jiao, Wen-Tao Fang, Wei Wang, Jun Liang, Guo-Dong |
author_facet | Song, Miao Tang, Qing Rayner, Simon Tao, Xiao-Yan Li, Hao Guo, Zhen-Yang Shen, Xin-Xin Jiao, Wen-Tao Fang, Wei Wang, Jun Liang, Guo-Dong |
author_sort | Song, Miao |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Rabies reemerged in China during the 1990s with a gradual increase in the number and geographical dispersion of cases. As a consequence, a national surveillance program was introduced in 2005 to investigate the outbreak in terms of vaccination coverage, PEP treatment, and geographical and social composition. METHODS: The surveillance program was coordinated at the national level by the Chinese Center for Disease Control (CCDC) with data collected by regional health centres and provincial CCDCs, and from other official sources. Various statistical and multivariate analysis techniques were then used to evaluate the role and significance of implemented policies and strategies related to rabies prevention and control over this period. RESULTS: From 2005–2012, 19,221 cases were reported across 30 provinces, but these primarily occurred in rural areas of southern and eastern China, and were predominantly associated with farmers, students and preschool children. In particular, detailed analysis of fatalities reported from 2010 to 2011 shows they were associated with very low rates of post exposure treatment compared to the cases with standard PEP. Nevertheless, regulation of post-exposure prophylaxis quality, together with improved management and vaccination of domesticated animals, has improved prevention and control of rabies. CONCLUSIONS: The various control policies implemented by the government has played a key role in reducing rabies incidences in China. However, level of PEP treatment varies according to sex, age, degree and site of exposure, as well as the source of infection. Regulation of PEP quality together with improved management and vaccination of domesticated animals have also helped to improve prevention and control of rabies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4004447 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-40044472014-04-30 Human rabies surveillance and control in China, 2005–2012 Song, Miao Tang, Qing Rayner, Simon Tao, Xiao-Yan Li, Hao Guo, Zhen-Yang Shen, Xin-Xin Jiao, Wen-Tao Fang, Wei Wang, Jun Liang, Guo-Dong BMC Infect Dis Research Article BACKGROUND: Rabies reemerged in China during the 1990s with a gradual increase in the number and geographical dispersion of cases. As a consequence, a national surveillance program was introduced in 2005 to investigate the outbreak in terms of vaccination coverage, PEP treatment, and geographical and social composition. METHODS: The surveillance program was coordinated at the national level by the Chinese Center for Disease Control (CCDC) with data collected by regional health centres and provincial CCDCs, and from other official sources. Various statistical and multivariate analysis techniques were then used to evaluate the role and significance of implemented policies and strategies related to rabies prevention and control over this period. RESULTS: From 2005–2012, 19,221 cases were reported across 30 provinces, but these primarily occurred in rural areas of southern and eastern China, and were predominantly associated with farmers, students and preschool children. In particular, detailed analysis of fatalities reported from 2010 to 2011 shows they were associated with very low rates of post exposure treatment compared to the cases with standard PEP. Nevertheless, regulation of post-exposure prophylaxis quality, together with improved management and vaccination of domesticated animals, has improved prevention and control of rabies. CONCLUSIONS: The various control policies implemented by the government has played a key role in reducing rabies incidences in China. However, level of PEP treatment varies according to sex, age, degree and site of exposure, as well as the source of infection. Regulation of PEP quality together with improved management and vaccination of domesticated animals have also helped to improve prevention and control of rabies. BioMed Central 2014-04-18 /pmc/articles/PMC4004447/ /pubmed/24742224 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-14-212 Text en Copyright © 2014 Song et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Song, Miao Tang, Qing Rayner, Simon Tao, Xiao-Yan Li, Hao Guo, Zhen-Yang Shen, Xin-Xin Jiao, Wen-Tao Fang, Wei Wang, Jun Liang, Guo-Dong Human rabies surveillance and control in China, 2005–2012 |
title | Human rabies surveillance and control in China, 2005–2012 |
title_full | Human rabies surveillance and control in China, 2005–2012 |
title_fullStr | Human rabies surveillance and control in China, 2005–2012 |
title_full_unstemmed | Human rabies surveillance and control in China, 2005–2012 |
title_short | Human rabies surveillance and control in China, 2005–2012 |
title_sort | human rabies surveillance and control in china, 2005–2012 |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4004447/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24742224 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-14-212 |
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