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Influence of Molting and Starvation on Digestive Enzyme Activities and Energy Storage in Gammarus fossarum
Among the many biological responses studied in ecotoxicology, energy-based biomarkers such as digestive enzyme activities and energy reserves appear to be useful predictive tools for detecting physiological disturbances in organisms. However, the use of these biological responses as biomarkers could...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4005779/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24788197 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0096393 |
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author | Charron, Laetitia Geffard, Olivier Chaumot, Arnaud Coulaud, Romain Jaffal, Ali Gaillet, Véronique Dedourge-Geffard, Odile Geffard, Alain |
author_facet | Charron, Laetitia Geffard, Olivier Chaumot, Arnaud Coulaud, Romain Jaffal, Ali Gaillet, Véronique Dedourge-Geffard, Odile Geffard, Alain |
author_sort | Charron, Laetitia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Among the many biological responses studied in ecotoxicology, energy-based biomarkers such as digestive enzyme activities and energy reserves appear to be useful predictive tools for detecting physiological disturbances in organisms. However, the use of these biological responses as biomarkers could be limited by the effects of confounding factors (biotic and abiotic) and physiological processes, such as the reproductive cycle. Thus, the optimal use of these biomarkers will be facilitated by understanding the effects of these factors on the energy metabolism of the sentinel species being studied. We considered abiotic factors (temperature and conductivity) in a previous study, whereas the present study investigated the effects of gender, the female reproductive stage, and food availability on the digestive enzyme activities and energy storage of Gammarus fossarum. The results indicated that, during the female reproductive cycle, the activities of digestive enzymes (amylase, cellulase, and trypsin) decreased significantly, whereas the levels of reserves (proteins, lipids, and sugar) increased until the last premolt stage. Restricted food diets only led to decreased amylase activities in both sexes. Food starvation also induced a decrease in the energy outcomes in females, whereas there were no effects in males. In general, the biochemical (digestive enzyme activities) and physiological (energy reserves) responses were more stable in males than in females. These results support the use of males fed ad libitum to limit the effects of confounding factors when using these energy biomarkers in Gammarus fossarum during biomonitoring programs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4005779 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-40057792014-05-09 Influence of Molting and Starvation on Digestive Enzyme Activities and Energy Storage in Gammarus fossarum Charron, Laetitia Geffard, Olivier Chaumot, Arnaud Coulaud, Romain Jaffal, Ali Gaillet, Véronique Dedourge-Geffard, Odile Geffard, Alain PLoS One Research Article Among the many biological responses studied in ecotoxicology, energy-based biomarkers such as digestive enzyme activities and energy reserves appear to be useful predictive tools for detecting physiological disturbances in organisms. However, the use of these biological responses as biomarkers could be limited by the effects of confounding factors (biotic and abiotic) and physiological processes, such as the reproductive cycle. Thus, the optimal use of these biomarkers will be facilitated by understanding the effects of these factors on the energy metabolism of the sentinel species being studied. We considered abiotic factors (temperature and conductivity) in a previous study, whereas the present study investigated the effects of gender, the female reproductive stage, and food availability on the digestive enzyme activities and energy storage of Gammarus fossarum. The results indicated that, during the female reproductive cycle, the activities of digestive enzymes (amylase, cellulase, and trypsin) decreased significantly, whereas the levels of reserves (proteins, lipids, and sugar) increased until the last premolt stage. Restricted food diets only led to decreased amylase activities in both sexes. Food starvation also induced a decrease in the energy outcomes in females, whereas there were no effects in males. In general, the biochemical (digestive enzyme activities) and physiological (energy reserves) responses were more stable in males than in females. These results support the use of males fed ad libitum to limit the effects of confounding factors when using these energy biomarkers in Gammarus fossarum during biomonitoring programs. Public Library of Science 2014-04-30 /pmc/articles/PMC4005779/ /pubmed/24788197 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0096393 Text en © 2014 Charron et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Charron, Laetitia Geffard, Olivier Chaumot, Arnaud Coulaud, Romain Jaffal, Ali Gaillet, Véronique Dedourge-Geffard, Odile Geffard, Alain Influence of Molting and Starvation on Digestive Enzyme Activities and Energy Storage in Gammarus fossarum |
title | Influence of Molting and Starvation on Digestive Enzyme Activities and Energy Storage in Gammarus fossarum
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title_full | Influence of Molting and Starvation on Digestive Enzyme Activities and Energy Storage in Gammarus fossarum
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title_fullStr | Influence of Molting and Starvation on Digestive Enzyme Activities and Energy Storage in Gammarus fossarum
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title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Molting and Starvation on Digestive Enzyme Activities and Energy Storage in Gammarus fossarum
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title_short | Influence of Molting and Starvation on Digestive Enzyme Activities and Energy Storage in Gammarus fossarum
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title_sort | influence of molting and starvation on digestive enzyme activities and energy storage in gammarus fossarum |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4005779/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24788197 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0096393 |
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