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Cytomegalovirus drives Vδ2(neg) γδ T cell inflation in many healthy virus carriers with increasing age

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) usually causes lifelong asymptomatic infection, but over time can distort immune profiles. Recent reports describe selective expansion of Vδ2(neg) γδ T cells in healthy and immunocompromised CMV carriers. Having shown previously that virus-specific CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cell resp...

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Autores principales: Alejenef, A, Pachnio, A, Halawi, M, Christmas, S E, Moss, P A H, Khan, N
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4008987/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24547915
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cei.12297
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author Alejenef, A
Pachnio, A
Halawi, M
Christmas, S E
Moss, P A H
Khan, N
author_facet Alejenef, A
Pachnio, A
Halawi, M
Christmas, S E
Moss, P A H
Khan, N
author_sort Alejenef, A
collection PubMed
description Cytomegalovirus (CMV) usually causes lifelong asymptomatic infection, but over time can distort immune profiles. Recent reports describe selective expansion of Vδ2(neg) γδ T cells in healthy and immunocompromised CMV carriers. Having shown previously that virus-specific CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cell responses are increased significantly in elderly CMV carriers, probably driven by chronic stimulation, we hypothesized that Vδ2(neg) γδ T cells may also be expanded with age. Our results show that Vδ2(neg) γδ T cells are increased significantly in CMV-seropositive healthy individuals compared to CMV-seronegative controls in all age groups. The differences were most significant in older age groups (P < 0·0001). Furthermore, while Vδ2(neg) γδ T- cells comprise both naive and memory cells in CMV-seronegative donors, highly differentiated effector memory cells are the dominant phenotype in CMV carriers, with naive cells reduced significantly in numbers in CMV-seropositive elderly. Although phenotypically resembling conventional CMV-specific T cells, Vδ2(neg) γδ T cells do not correlate with changes in magnitude of CMV-specific CD4(+) or CD8(+) T cell frequencies within those individuals, and do not possess ex-vivo immediate effector function as shown by CMV-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. However, after short-term culture, Vδ2(neg) γδ T cells demonstrate effector T cell functions, suggesting additional requirements for activation. In summary, Vδ2(neg) γδ T cells are expanded in many older CMV carriers, demonstrating a further level of lymphocyte subset skewing by CMV in healthy individuals. As others have reported shared reactivity of Vδ2(neg) γδ T cells towards tumour cells, the composition of γδ T cell subsets may also have implications for risk of developing cancer in elderly people.
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spelling pubmed-40089872015-06-01 Cytomegalovirus drives Vδ2(neg) γδ T cell inflation in many healthy virus carriers with increasing age Alejenef, A Pachnio, A Halawi, M Christmas, S E Moss, P A H Khan, N Clin Exp Immunol Research Article Cytomegalovirus (CMV) usually causes lifelong asymptomatic infection, but over time can distort immune profiles. Recent reports describe selective expansion of Vδ2(neg) γδ T cells in healthy and immunocompromised CMV carriers. Having shown previously that virus-specific CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cell responses are increased significantly in elderly CMV carriers, probably driven by chronic stimulation, we hypothesized that Vδ2(neg) γδ T cells may also be expanded with age. Our results show that Vδ2(neg) γδ T cells are increased significantly in CMV-seropositive healthy individuals compared to CMV-seronegative controls in all age groups. The differences were most significant in older age groups (P < 0·0001). Furthermore, while Vδ2(neg) γδ T- cells comprise both naive and memory cells in CMV-seronegative donors, highly differentiated effector memory cells are the dominant phenotype in CMV carriers, with naive cells reduced significantly in numbers in CMV-seropositive elderly. Although phenotypically resembling conventional CMV-specific T cells, Vδ2(neg) γδ T cells do not correlate with changes in magnitude of CMV-specific CD4(+) or CD8(+) T cell frequencies within those individuals, and do not possess ex-vivo immediate effector function as shown by CMV-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. However, after short-term culture, Vδ2(neg) γδ T cells demonstrate effector T cell functions, suggesting additional requirements for activation. In summary, Vδ2(neg) γδ T cells are expanded in many older CMV carriers, demonstrating a further level of lymphocyte subset skewing by CMV in healthy individuals. As others have reported shared reactivity of Vδ2(neg) γδ T cells towards tumour cells, the composition of γδ T cell subsets may also have implications for risk of developing cancer in elderly people. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2014-06 2014-04-24 /pmc/articles/PMC4008987/ /pubmed/24547915 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cei.12297 Text en © 2014 The Authors. Clinical & Experimental Immunology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Society for Immunology, Clinical and Experimental Immunology This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Alejenef, A
Pachnio, A
Halawi, M
Christmas, S E
Moss, P A H
Khan, N
Cytomegalovirus drives Vδ2(neg) γδ T cell inflation in many healthy virus carriers with increasing age
title Cytomegalovirus drives Vδ2(neg) γδ T cell inflation in many healthy virus carriers with increasing age
title_full Cytomegalovirus drives Vδ2(neg) γδ T cell inflation in many healthy virus carriers with increasing age
title_fullStr Cytomegalovirus drives Vδ2(neg) γδ T cell inflation in many healthy virus carriers with increasing age
title_full_unstemmed Cytomegalovirus drives Vδ2(neg) γδ T cell inflation in many healthy virus carriers with increasing age
title_short Cytomegalovirus drives Vδ2(neg) γδ T cell inflation in many healthy virus carriers with increasing age
title_sort cytomegalovirus drives vδ2(neg) γδ t cell inflation in many healthy virus carriers with increasing age
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4008987/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24547915
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cei.12297
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