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Root-Zone Glyphosate Exposure Adversely Affects Two Ditch Species

Glyphosate, one of the most applied herbicides globally, has been extensively studied for its effects on non-target organisms. In the field, following precipitation, glyphosate runs off into agricultural ditches where it infiltrates into the soil and thus may encounter the roots of vegetation. These...

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Autores principales: Saunders, Lyndsay E., Koontz, Melissa B., Pezeshki, Reza
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4009795/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24833234
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology2041488
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author Saunders, Lyndsay E.
Koontz, Melissa B.
Pezeshki, Reza
author_facet Saunders, Lyndsay E.
Koontz, Melissa B.
Pezeshki, Reza
author_sort Saunders, Lyndsay E.
collection PubMed
description Glyphosate, one of the most applied herbicides globally, has been extensively studied for its effects on non-target organisms. In the field, following precipitation, glyphosate runs off into agricultural ditches where it infiltrates into the soil and thus may encounter the roots of vegetation. These edge-of-field ditches share many characteristics with wetlands, including the ability to reduce loads of anthropogenic chemicals through uptake, transformation, and retention. Different species within the ditches may have a differential sensitivity to exposure of the root zone to glyphosate, contributing to patterns of abundance of ruderal species. The present laboratory experiment investigated whether two species commonly found in agricultural ditches in southcentral United States were affected by root zone glyphosate in a dose-dependent manner, with the objective of identifying a sublethal concentration threshold. The root zone of individuals of Polygonum hydropiperoides and Panicum hemitomon were exposed to four concentrations of glyphosate. Leaf chlorophyll content was measured, and the ratio of aboveground biomass to belowground biomass and survival were quantified. The findings from this study showed that root zone glyphosate exposure negatively affected both species including dose-dependent reductions in chlorophyll content. P. hydropiperdoides showed the greatest negative response, with decreased belowground biomass allocation and total mortality at the highest concentrations tested.
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spelling pubmed-40097952014-05-07 Root-Zone Glyphosate Exposure Adversely Affects Two Ditch Species Saunders, Lyndsay E. Koontz, Melissa B. Pezeshki, Reza Biology (Basel) Article Glyphosate, one of the most applied herbicides globally, has been extensively studied for its effects on non-target organisms. In the field, following precipitation, glyphosate runs off into agricultural ditches where it infiltrates into the soil and thus may encounter the roots of vegetation. These edge-of-field ditches share many characteristics with wetlands, including the ability to reduce loads of anthropogenic chemicals through uptake, transformation, and retention. Different species within the ditches may have a differential sensitivity to exposure of the root zone to glyphosate, contributing to patterns of abundance of ruderal species. The present laboratory experiment investigated whether two species commonly found in agricultural ditches in southcentral United States were affected by root zone glyphosate in a dose-dependent manner, with the objective of identifying a sublethal concentration threshold. The root zone of individuals of Polygonum hydropiperoides and Panicum hemitomon were exposed to four concentrations of glyphosate. Leaf chlorophyll content was measured, and the ratio of aboveground biomass to belowground biomass and survival were quantified. The findings from this study showed that root zone glyphosate exposure negatively affected both species including dose-dependent reductions in chlorophyll content. P. hydropiperdoides showed the greatest negative response, with decreased belowground biomass allocation and total mortality at the highest concentrations tested. MDPI 2013-12-18 /pmc/articles/PMC4009795/ /pubmed/24833234 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology2041488 Text en © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Saunders, Lyndsay E.
Koontz, Melissa B.
Pezeshki, Reza
Root-Zone Glyphosate Exposure Adversely Affects Two Ditch Species
title Root-Zone Glyphosate Exposure Adversely Affects Two Ditch Species
title_full Root-Zone Glyphosate Exposure Adversely Affects Two Ditch Species
title_fullStr Root-Zone Glyphosate Exposure Adversely Affects Two Ditch Species
title_full_unstemmed Root-Zone Glyphosate Exposure Adversely Affects Two Ditch Species
title_short Root-Zone Glyphosate Exposure Adversely Affects Two Ditch Species
title_sort root-zone glyphosate exposure adversely affects two ditch species
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4009795/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24833234
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology2041488
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