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Studying the Nucleated Mammalian Cell Membrane by Single Molecule Approaches

The cell membrane plays a key role in compartmentalization, nutrient transportation and signal transduction, while the pattern of protein distribution at both cytoplasmic and ectoplasmic sides of the cell membrane remains elusive. Using a combination of single-molecule techniques, including atomic f...

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Autores principales: Zhao, Weidong, Tian, Yongmei, Cai, Mingjun, Wang, Feng, Wu, Jiazhen, Gao, Jing, Liu, Shuheng, Jiang, Junguang, Jiang, Shibo, Wang, Hongda
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4012985/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24806512
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091595
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author Zhao, Weidong
Tian, Yongmei
Cai, Mingjun
Wang, Feng
Wu, Jiazhen
Gao, Jing
Liu, Shuheng
Jiang, Junguang
Jiang, Shibo
Wang, Hongda
author_facet Zhao, Weidong
Tian, Yongmei
Cai, Mingjun
Wang, Feng
Wu, Jiazhen
Gao, Jing
Liu, Shuheng
Jiang, Junguang
Jiang, Shibo
Wang, Hongda
author_sort Zhao, Weidong
collection PubMed
description The cell membrane plays a key role in compartmentalization, nutrient transportation and signal transduction, while the pattern of protein distribution at both cytoplasmic and ectoplasmic sides of the cell membrane remains elusive. Using a combination of single-molecule techniques, including atomic force microscopy (AFM), single molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) and stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM), to study the structure of nucleated cell membranes, we found that (1) proteins at the ectoplasmic side of the cell membrane form a dense protein layer (4 nm) on top of a lipid bilayer; (2) proteins aggregate to form islands evenly dispersed at the cytoplasmic side of the cell membrane with a height of about 10–12 nm; (3) cholesterol-enriched domains exist within the cell membrane; (4) carbohydrates stay in microdomains at the ectoplasmic side; and (5) exposed amino groups are asymmetrically distributed on both sides. Based on these observations, we proposed a Protein Layer-Lipid-Protein Island (PLLPI) model, to provide a better understanding of cell membrane structure, membrane trafficking and viral fusion mechanisms.
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spelling pubmed-40129852014-05-09 Studying the Nucleated Mammalian Cell Membrane by Single Molecule Approaches Zhao, Weidong Tian, Yongmei Cai, Mingjun Wang, Feng Wu, Jiazhen Gao, Jing Liu, Shuheng Jiang, Junguang Jiang, Shibo Wang, Hongda PLoS One Research Article The cell membrane plays a key role in compartmentalization, nutrient transportation and signal transduction, while the pattern of protein distribution at both cytoplasmic and ectoplasmic sides of the cell membrane remains elusive. Using a combination of single-molecule techniques, including atomic force microscopy (AFM), single molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) and stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM), to study the structure of nucleated cell membranes, we found that (1) proteins at the ectoplasmic side of the cell membrane form a dense protein layer (4 nm) on top of a lipid bilayer; (2) proteins aggregate to form islands evenly dispersed at the cytoplasmic side of the cell membrane with a height of about 10–12 nm; (3) cholesterol-enriched domains exist within the cell membrane; (4) carbohydrates stay in microdomains at the ectoplasmic side; and (5) exposed amino groups are asymmetrically distributed on both sides. Based on these observations, we proposed a Protein Layer-Lipid-Protein Island (PLLPI) model, to provide a better understanding of cell membrane structure, membrane trafficking and viral fusion mechanisms. Public Library of Science 2014-05-07 /pmc/articles/PMC4012985/ /pubmed/24806512 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091595 Text en © 2014 Zhao et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Zhao, Weidong
Tian, Yongmei
Cai, Mingjun
Wang, Feng
Wu, Jiazhen
Gao, Jing
Liu, Shuheng
Jiang, Junguang
Jiang, Shibo
Wang, Hongda
Studying the Nucleated Mammalian Cell Membrane by Single Molecule Approaches
title Studying the Nucleated Mammalian Cell Membrane by Single Molecule Approaches
title_full Studying the Nucleated Mammalian Cell Membrane by Single Molecule Approaches
title_fullStr Studying the Nucleated Mammalian Cell Membrane by Single Molecule Approaches
title_full_unstemmed Studying the Nucleated Mammalian Cell Membrane by Single Molecule Approaches
title_short Studying the Nucleated Mammalian Cell Membrane by Single Molecule Approaches
title_sort studying the nucleated mammalian cell membrane by single molecule approaches
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4012985/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24806512
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091595
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