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HIV-1 Latency: An Update of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies

The major obstacle towards HIV-1 eradication is the life-long persistence of the virus in reservoirs of latently infected cells. In these cells the proviral DNA is integrated in the host’s genome but it does not actively replicate, becoming invisible to the host immune system and unaffected by exist...

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Autores principales: Battistini, Angela, Sgarbanti, Marco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4014718/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24736215
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v6041715
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author Battistini, Angela
Sgarbanti, Marco
author_facet Battistini, Angela
Sgarbanti, Marco
author_sort Battistini, Angela
collection PubMed
description The major obstacle towards HIV-1 eradication is the life-long persistence of the virus in reservoirs of latently infected cells. In these cells the proviral DNA is integrated in the host’s genome but it does not actively replicate, becoming invisible to the host immune system and unaffected by existing antiviral drugs. Rebound of viremia and recovery of systemic infection that follows interruption of therapy, necessitates life-long treatments with problems of compliance, toxicity, and untenable costs, especially in developing countries where the infection hits worst. Extensive research efforts have led to the proposal and preliminary testing of several anti-latency compounds, however, overall, eradication strategies have had, so far, limited clinical success while posing several risks for patients. This review will briefly summarize the more recent advances in the elucidation of mechanisms that regulates the establishment/maintenance of latency and therapeutic strategies currently under evaluation in order to eradicate HIV persistence.
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spelling pubmed-40147182014-05-09 HIV-1 Latency: An Update of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies Battistini, Angela Sgarbanti, Marco Viruses Review The major obstacle towards HIV-1 eradication is the life-long persistence of the virus in reservoirs of latently infected cells. In these cells the proviral DNA is integrated in the host’s genome but it does not actively replicate, becoming invisible to the host immune system and unaffected by existing antiviral drugs. Rebound of viremia and recovery of systemic infection that follows interruption of therapy, necessitates life-long treatments with problems of compliance, toxicity, and untenable costs, especially in developing countries where the infection hits worst. Extensive research efforts have led to the proposal and preliminary testing of several anti-latency compounds, however, overall, eradication strategies have had, so far, limited clinical success while posing several risks for patients. This review will briefly summarize the more recent advances in the elucidation of mechanisms that regulates the establishment/maintenance of latency and therapeutic strategies currently under evaluation in order to eradicate HIV persistence. MDPI 2014-04-14 /pmc/articles/PMC4014718/ /pubmed/24736215 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v6041715 Text en © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Battistini, Angela
Sgarbanti, Marco
HIV-1 Latency: An Update of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies
title HIV-1 Latency: An Update of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies
title_full HIV-1 Latency: An Update of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies
title_fullStr HIV-1 Latency: An Update of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies
title_full_unstemmed HIV-1 Latency: An Update of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies
title_short HIV-1 Latency: An Update of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies
title_sort hiv-1 latency: an update of molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4014718/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24736215
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v6041715
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