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Hyperbaric pressure and increased susceptibility to glutamate toxicity in retinal ganglion cells in vitro

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of hyperbaric pressure on purified retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and the additive effect of hyperbaric pressure on glutamate-induced RGC death. METHODS: An RGC primary culture from 8-day-old Wistar rats was prepared and cultured in a hyperbaric chamber. The RGC sur...

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Autores principales: Aihara, Makoto, Chen, Yi-Ning, Uchida, Saiko, Nakayama, Mao, Araie, Makoto
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Molecular Vision 2014
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4016804/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24826068
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author Aihara, Makoto
Chen, Yi-Ning
Uchida, Saiko
Nakayama, Mao
Araie, Makoto
author_facet Aihara, Makoto
Chen, Yi-Ning
Uchida, Saiko
Nakayama, Mao
Araie, Makoto
author_sort Aihara, Makoto
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of hyperbaric pressure on purified retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and the additive effect of hyperbaric pressure on glutamate-induced RGC death. METHODS: An RGC primary culture from 8-day-old Wistar rats was prepared and cultured in a hyperbaric chamber. The RGC survival rate under various pressure conditions and with 5 or 25 µM of glutamate stimulation was determined and compared with that of RGCs under isobaric conditions. First, RGCs were cultured at atmospheric pressure (0 mmHg) and under hyperbaric pressure (+30 and +90 mmHg, with pressure fluctuations varying from 0 to +30 or +60 mmHg). Next, RGCs were cultured at +15, +30, and +90 mmHg with the addition of 5 or 25 µM of glutamate. The effects of N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) and 2-amino-3-(5-methyl-3-oxo-1,2- oxazol-4-yl)propanoic acid (AMPA)/kainate receptor antagonists, MK-801, and 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (DNQX), on cell survival were assessed. Additionally, types of cell death and the induction of Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) leading to apoptosis were studied under hyperbaric pressure conditions and/or with 5 µM of glutamate. RESULTS: RGC death was not induced under increasing or fluctuating pressure conditions. RGC death was induced by 25 µM of glutamate and increased as pressure increased. RGC death was not induced by 5 µM of glutamate but was induced by and increased with increasing pressure. MK-801 and DNQX significantly reduced glutamate-induced RGC death, and DNQX was more effective than MK-801. Under hyperbaric pressure conditions, the addition of 5 µM of glutamate resulted in the induction of apoptosis and BAX, which did not occur under hyperbaric pressure conditions or with the addition of glutamate alone. CONCLUSION: In a rat RGC culture, hyperbaric pressure alone did not induce RGC death but increased RGC susceptibility to glutamate toxicity, which may be of relevance to ocular diseases with pressure-induced RGC death.
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spelling pubmed-40168042014-05-13 Hyperbaric pressure and increased susceptibility to glutamate toxicity in retinal ganglion cells in vitro Aihara, Makoto Chen, Yi-Ning Uchida, Saiko Nakayama, Mao Araie, Makoto Mol Vis Research Article PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of hyperbaric pressure on purified retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and the additive effect of hyperbaric pressure on glutamate-induced RGC death. METHODS: An RGC primary culture from 8-day-old Wistar rats was prepared and cultured in a hyperbaric chamber. The RGC survival rate under various pressure conditions and with 5 or 25 µM of glutamate stimulation was determined and compared with that of RGCs under isobaric conditions. First, RGCs were cultured at atmospheric pressure (0 mmHg) and under hyperbaric pressure (+30 and +90 mmHg, with pressure fluctuations varying from 0 to +30 or +60 mmHg). Next, RGCs were cultured at +15, +30, and +90 mmHg with the addition of 5 or 25 µM of glutamate. The effects of N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) and 2-amino-3-(5-methyl-3-oxo-1,2- oxazol-4-yl)propanoic acid (AMPA)/kainate receptor antagonists, MK-801, and 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (DNQX), on cell survival were assessed. Additionally, types of cell death and the induction of Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) leading to apoptosis were studied under hyperbaric pressure conditions and/or with 5 µM of glutamate. RESULTS: RGC death was not induced under increasing or fluctuating pressure conditions. RGC death was induced by 25 µM of glutamate and increased as pressure increased. RGC death was not induced by 5 µM of glutamate but was induced by and increased with increasing pressure. MK-801 and DNQX significantly reduced glutamate-induced RGC death, and DNQX was more effective than MK-801. Under hyperbaric pressure conditions, the addition of 5 µM of glutamate resulted in the induction of apoptosis and BAX, which did not occur under hyperbaric pressure conditions or with the addition of glutamate alone. CONCLUSION: In a rat RGC culture, hyperbaric pressure alone did not induce RGC death but increased RGC susceptibility to glutamate toxicity, which may be of relevance to ocular diseases with pressure-induced RGC death. Molecular Vision 2014-05-02 /pmc/articles/PMC4016804/ /pubmed/24826068 Text en Copyright © 2014 Molecular Vision. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, used for non-commercial purposes, and is not altered or transformed.
spellingShingle Research Article
Aihara, Makoto
Chen, Yi-Ning
Uchida, Saiko
Nakayama, Mao
Araie, Makoto
Hyperbaric pressure and increased susceptibility to glutamate toxicity in retinal ganglion cells in vitro
title Hyperbaric pressure and increased susceptibility to glutamate toxicity in retinal ganglion cells in vitro
title_full Hyperbaric pressure and increased susceptibility to glutamate toxicity in retinal ganglion cells in vitro
title_fullStr Hyperbaric pressure and increased susceptibility to glutamate toxicity in retinal ganglion cells in vitro
title_full_unstemmed Hyperbaric pressure and increased susceptibility to glutamate toxicity in retinal ganglion cells in vitro
title_short Hyperbaric pressure and increased susceptibility to glutamate toxicity in retinal ganglion cells in vitro
title_sort hyperbaric pressure and increased susceptibility to glutamate toxicity in retinal ganglion cells in vitro
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4016804/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24826068
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