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Deficient repair response of IPF fibroblasts in a co-culture model of epithelial injury and repair

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disorder marked by relentless fibrosis and damage of the lung architecture. A growing body of evidence now suggests that IPF progresses as a result of aberrant epithelial-fibroblast crosstalk. Injured epithelia are a major source of gr...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Prasad, Sony, Hogaboam, Cory M, Jarai, Gabor
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4021590/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24834127
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1755-1536-7-7
Descripción
Sumario:BACKGROUND: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disorder marked by relentless fibrosis and damage of the lung architecture. A growing body of evidence now suggests that IPF progresses as a result of aberrant epithelial-fibroblast crosstalk. Injured epithelia are a major source of growth factors such as PDGF which guide resident fibroblasts to injury sites. RESULTS: In this study, we utilized a novel co-culture system to investigate the effect of fibroblast phenotype on their response to epithelial injury. Fibroblasts from normal lungs (NHLF) responded to epithelial injury and populated the wound site forming a fibroblast plug/mechanical barrier which prevented epithelial wound closure. IPF fibroblasts were impaired in their response to epithelial injury. They also expressed reduced PDGFRα compared to NHLFs and were defective towards PDGF-AA mediated directional movement. Neutralization of PDGF-AA and pan-PDGF but not PDGF-BB reduced the injury response of NHLFs thereby preventing the formation of the mechanical barrier and promoting epithelial wound closure. Co-culture of epithelial cells with IPF fibroblasts led to marked increase in the levels of pro-fibrotic growth factors - bFGF and PDGF and significant depletion of anti-fibrotic HGF in the culture medium. Furthermore, IPF fibroblasts but not NHLFs induced a transient increase in mesenchymal marker expression in the wound lining epithelial cells. This was accompanied by increased migration and faster wound closure in co-cultures with IPF fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate that the IPF fibroblasts have an aberrant repair response to epithelial injury.