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Global transcriptional analysis reveals surface remodeling of Anaplasma marginale in the tick vector
BACKGROUND: Pathogens dependent upon vectors for transmission to new hosts undergo environment specific changes in gene transcription dependent on whether they are replicating in the vector or the mammalian host. Differential gene transcription, especially of potential vaccine candidates, is of inte...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4022386/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24751137 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-7-193 |
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author | Hammac, G Kenitra Pierlé, Sebastián Aguilar Cheng, Xiaoya Scoles, Glen A Brayton, Kelly A |
author_facet | Hammac, G Kenitra Pierlé, Sebastián Aguilar Cheng, Xiaoya Scoles, Glen A Brayton, Kelly A |
author_sort | Hammac, G Kenitra |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Pathogens dependent upon vectors for transmission to new hosts undergo environment specific changes in gene transcription dependent on whether they are replicating in the vector or the mammalian host. Differential gene transcription, especially of potential vaccine candidates, is of interest in Anaplasma marginale, the tick-borne causative agent of bovine anaplasmosis. METHODS: RNA-seq technology allowed a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptional status of A. marginale genes in two conditions: bovine host blood and tick derived cell culture, a model for the tick vector. Quantitative PCR was used to assess transcription of a set of genes in A. marginale infected tick midguts and salivary glands at two time points during the transmission cycle. RESULTS: Genes belonging to fourteen pathways or component groups were found to be differentially transcribed in A. marginale in the bovine host versus the tick vector. One of the most significantly altered groups was composed of surface proteins. Of the 56 genes included in the surface protein group, eight were up regulated and 26 were down regulated. The down regulated surface protein encoding genes include several that are well studied due to their immunogenicity and function. Quantitative PCR of a set of genes demonstrated that transcription in tick cell culture most closely approximates transcription in salivary glands of recently infected ticks. CONCLUSIONS: The ISE6 tick cell culture line is an acceptable model for early infection in tick salivary glands, and reveals disproportionate down regulation of surface protein genes in the tick. Transcriptional profiling in other cell lines may help us simulate additional microenvironments. Understanding vector-specific alteration of gene transcription, especially of surface protein encoding genes, may aid in the development of vaccines or transmission blocking therapies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4022386 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-40223862014-05-16 Global transcriptional analysis reveals surface remodeling of Anaplasma marginale in the tick vector Hammac, G Kenitra Pierlé, Sebastián Aguilar Cheng, Xiaoya Scoles, Glen A Brayton, Kelly A Parasit Vectors Research BACKGROUND: Pathogens dependent upon vectors for transmission to new hosts undergo environment specific changes in gene transcription dependent on whether they are replicating in the vector or the mammalian host. Differential gene transcription, especially of potential vaccine candidates, is of interest in Anaplasma marginale, the tick-borne causative agent of bovine anaplasmosis. METHODS: RNA-seq technology allowed a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptional status of A. marginale genes in two conditions: bovine host blood and tick derived cell culture, a model for the tick vector. Quantitative PCR was used to assess transcription of a set of genes in A. marginale infected tick midguts and salivary glands at two time points during the transmission cycle. RESULTS: Genes belonging to fourteen pathways or component groups were found to be differentially transcribed in A. marginale in the bovine host versus the tick vector. One of the most significantly altered groups was composed of surface proteins. Of the 56 genes included in the surface protein group, eight were up regulated and 26 were down regulated. The down regulated surface protein encoding genes include several that are well studied due to their immunogenicity and function. Quantitative PCR of a set of genes demonstrated that transcription in tick cell culture most closely approximates transcription in salivary glands of recently infected ticks. CONCLUSIONS: The ISE6 tick cell culture line is an acceptable model for early infection in tick salivary glands, and reveals disproportionate down regulation of surface protein genes in the tick. Transcriptional profiling in other cell lines may help us simulate additional microenvironments. Understanding vector-specific alteration of gene transcription, especially of surface protein encoding genes, may aid in the development of vaccines or transmission blocking therapies. BioMed Central 2014-04-21 /pmc/articles/PMC4022386/ /pubmed/24751137 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-7-193 Text en Copyright © 2014 Hammac et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Hammac, G Kenitra Pierlé, Sebastián Aguilar Cheng, Xiaoya Scoles, Glen A Brayton, Kelly A Global transcriptional analysis reveals surface remodeling of Anaplasma marginale in the tick vector |
title | Global transcriptional analysis reveals surface remodeling of Anaplasma marginale in the tick vector |
title_full | Global transcriptional analysis reveals surface remodeling of Anaplasma marginale in the tick vector |
title_fullStr | Global transcriptional analysis reveals surface remodeling of Anaplasma marginale in the tick vector |
title_full_unstemmed | Global transcriptional analysis reveals surface remodeling of Anaplasma marginale in the tick vector |
title_short | Global transcriptional analysis reveals surface remodeling of Anaplasma marginale in the tick vector |
title_sort | global transcriptional analysis reveals surface remodeling of anaplasma marginale in the tick vector |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4022386/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24751137 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-7-193 |
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