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HIV Prevalence and Incidence in a Cohort of Women at Higher Risk for HIV Acquisition in Chókwè, Southern Mozambique

BACKGROUND: Reliable HIV incidence estimates for Mozambique are limited. We conducted a prospective HIV incidence study as part of a clinical research site development initiative in Chókwè district, Gaza Province, southern Mozambique. METHODS: Between June 2010 and October 2012, we recruited women a...

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Autores principales: Feldblum, Paul J., Enosse, Sónia, Dubé, Karine, Arnaldo, Paulo, Muluana, Chadreque, Banze, Reginaldo, Nhanala, Aristides, Cunaca, Joana, Chen, Pai-Lien, Robb, Merlin L., Thompson, Ricardo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4026130/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24842811
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0097547
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author Feldblum, Paul J.
Enosse, Sónia
Dubé, Karine
Arnaldo, Paulo
Muluana, Chadreque
Banze, Reginaldo
Nhanala, Aristides
Cunaca, Joana
Chen, Pai-Lien
Robb, Merlin L.
Thompson, Ricardo
author_facet Feldblum, Paul J.
Enosse, Sónia
Dubé, Karine
Arnaldo, Paulo
Muluana, Chadreque
Banze, Reginaldo
Nhanala, Aristides
Cunaca, Joana
Chen, Pai-Lien
Robb, Merlin L.
Thompson, Ricardo
author_sort Feldblum, Paul J.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Reliable HIV incidence estimates for Mozambique are limited. We conducted a prospective HIV incidence study as part of a clinical research site development initiative in Chókwè district, Gaza Province, southern Mozambique. METHODS: Between June 2010 and October 2012, we recruited women at sites where women at higher risk of HIV infection would likely be found. We enrolled and tested 1,429 sexually active women in the screening phase and 479 uninfected women in the prospective phase. Participants were scheduled for 12+ months follow-up, when they underwent face-to-face interviews, HIV counseling and testing, and pregnancy testing. We observed a total of 373.1 woman-years (WY) of follow-up, with mean (median) of 9.4 (9.7) women-months per participant. RESULTS: The prevalence of HIV was 29.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 27.0–31.8%). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, factors that remained significantly associated with prevalent HIV were: older age (OR: 0.6; 95% CI: 0.4–0.7), lower educational level (OR: 0.4; 95% CI: 0.3–0.7), and using hormonal contraception (OR: 0.6; 95% CI: 0.4–0.7) or condoms (OR: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.3–0.7). We observed an HIV incidence rate of 4.6 per 100 WY (95% CI: 2.7, 7.3). The HIV incidence was 4.8 per 100 WY (95% CI: 2.5, 8.3) in women aged 18–24 years, 4.5 per 100 WY (95% CI: 1.2, 11.4) in women aged 25–29 years and 3.2 per 100 WY (95% CI: 0.1, 18.0) in the 30–35 years stratum. None of the demographic factors or time-varying behavioral factors examined was significantly associated with incident HIV infection in bivariable analysis at p≤0.10. CONCLUSIONS: We found a high HIV incidence among sexually active young women in Chókwè, Mozambique. HIV prevention programs should be strengthened in the area, with more comprehensive reproductive health services, regular HIV testing, condom promotion, and messaging about multiple sexual partners.
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spelling pubmed-40261302014-05-21 HIV Prevalence and Incidence in a Cohort of Women at Higher Risk for HIV Acquisition in Chókwè, Southern Mozambique Feldblum, Paul J. Enosse, Sónia Dubé, Karine Arnaldo, Paulo Muluana, Chadreque Banze, Reginaldo Nhanala, Aristides Cunaca, Joana Chen, Pai-Lien Robb, Merlin L. Thompson, Ricardo PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Reliable HIV incidence estimates for Mozambique are limited. We conducted a prospective HIV incidence study as part of a clinical research site development initiative in Chókwè district, Gaza Province, southern Mozambique. METHODS: Between June 2010 and October 2012, we recruited women at sites where women at higher risk of HIV infection would likely be found. We enrolled and tested 1,429 sexually active women in the screening phase and 479 uninfected women in the prospective phase. Participants were scheduled for 12+ months follow-up, when they underwent face-to-face interviews, HIV counseling and testing, and pregnancy testing. We observed a total of 373.1 woman-years (WY) of follow-up, with mean (median) of 9.4 (9.7) women-months per participant. RESULTS: The prevalence of HIV was 29.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 27.0–31.8%). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, factors that remained significantly associated with prevalent HIV were: older age (OR: 0.6; 95% CI: 0.4–0.7), lower educational level (OR: 0.4; 95% CI: 0.3–0.7), and using hormonal contraception (OR: 0.6; 95% CI: 0.4–0.7) or condoms (OR: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.3–0.7). We observed an HIV incidence rate of 4.6 per 100 WY (95% CI: 2.7, 7.3). The HIV incidence was 4.8 per 100 WY (95% CI: 2.5, 8.3) in women aged 18–24 years, 4.5 per 100 WY (95% CI: 1.2, 11.4) in women aged 25–29 years and 3.2 per 100 WY (95% CI: 0.1, 18.0) in the 30–35 years stratum. None of the demographic factors or time-varying behavioral factors examined was significantly associated with incident HIV infection in bivariable analysis at p≤0.10. CONCLUSIONS: We found a high HIV incidence among sexually active young women in Chókwè, Mozambique. HIV prevention programs should be strengthened in the area, with more comprehensive reproductive health services, regular HIV testing, condom promotion, and messaging about multiple sexual partners. Public Library of Science 2014-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC4026130/ /pubmed/24842811 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0097547 Text en © 2014 Feldblum et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Feldblum, Paul J.
Enosse, Sónia
Dubé, Karine
Arnaldo, Paulo
Muluana, Chadreque
Banze, Reginaldo
Nhanala, Aristides
Cunaca, Joana
Chen, Pai-Lien
Robb, Merlin L.
Thompson, Ricardo
HIV Prevalence and Incidence in a Cohort of Women at Higher Risk for HIV Acquisition in Chókwè, Southern Mozambique
title HIV Prevalence and Incidence in a Cohort of Women at Higher Risk for HIV Acquisition in Chókwè, Southern Mozambique
title_full HIV Prevalence and Incidence in a Cohort of Women at Higher Risk for HIV Acquisition in Chókwè, Southern Mozambique
title_fullStr HIV Prevalence and Incidence in a Cohort of Women at Higher Risk for HIV Acquisition in Chókwè, Southern Mozambique
title_full_unstemmed HIV Prevalence and Incidence in a Cohort of Women at Higher Risk for HIV Acquisition in Chókwè, Southern Mozambique
title_short HIV Prevalence and Incidence in a Cohort of Women at Higher Risk for HIV Acquisition in Chókwè, Southern Mozambique
title_sort hiv prevalence and incidence in a cohort of women at higher risk for hiv acquisition in chókwè, southern mozambique
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4026130/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24842811
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0097547
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