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Short-Term Malaria Reduction by Single-Dose Azithromycin during Mass Drug Administration for Trachoma, Tanzania

Single-dose mass drug administration of azithromycin (AZT) is underway to eliminate trachoma worldwide. Studies in Ethiopia showed a reduction in all-cause childhood deaths after administration. To examine the effect of single-dose AZ MDA on prevalent malaria infections in a large prospective cohort...

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Autores principales: Schachterle, Stephen E., Mtove, George, Levens, Joshua P., Clemens, Emily, Shi, Lirong, Raj, Amrita, Dumler, J. Stephen, Munoz, Beatriz, West, Shelia, Sullivan, David J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4036785/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24865642
http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2006.131302
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author Schachterle, Stephen E.
Mtove, George
Levens, Joshua P.
Clemens, Emily
Shi, Lirong
Raj, Amrita
Dumler, J. Stephen
Munoz, Beatriz
West, Shelia
Sullivan, David J.
author_facet Schachterle, Stephen E.
Mtove, George
Levens, Joshua P.
Clemens, Emily
Shi, Lirong
Raj, Amrita
Dumler, J. Stephen
Munoz, Beatriz
West, Shelia
Sullivan, David J.
author_sort Schachterle, Stephen E.
collection PubMed
description Single-dose mass drug administration of azithromycin (AZT) is underway to eliminate trachoma worldwide. Studies in Ethiopia showed a reduction in all-cause childhood deaths after administration. To examine the effect of single-dose AZ MDA on prevalent malaria infections in a large prospective cohort of children and parents in Dodoma Province, Tanzania, we quantified the temporal prevalence of malaria parasitemia by real-time PCR for 6 months after single-dose AZT. In the first month after treatment but not in subsequent months, Plasmodium falciparum infections were reduced by 73% (95% CI 43%–89%) in treatment versus control villages and differences remained significant (p = 0.00497) in multivariate models with village-level random effects. Genetic sequencing of P. falciparum ribosomal L4 protein showed no mutations associated with AZT resistance. AZT mass drug administration caused a transient, 1-month antimalarial effect without selecting for P. falciparum ribosomal L4 resistance mutations in a region with a 10-year history of treating trachoma with this drug.
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spelling pubmed-40367852014-06-04 Short-Term Malaria Reduction by Single-Dose Azithromycin during Mass Drug Administration for Trachoma, Tanzania Schachterle, Stephen E. Mtove, George Levens, Joshua P. Clemens, Emily Shi, Lirong Raj, Amrita Dumler, J. Stephen Munoz, Beatriz West, Shelia Sullivan, David J. Emerg Infect Dis Research Single-dose mass drug administration of azithromycin (AZT) is underway to eliminate trachoma worldwide. Studies in Ethiopia showed a reduction in all-cause childhood deaths after administration. To examine the effect of single-dose AZ MDA on prevalent malaria infections in a large prospective cohort of children and parents in Dodoma Province, Tanzania, we quantified the temporal prevalence of malaria parasitemia by real-time PCR for 6 months after single-dose AZT. In the first month after treatment but not in subsequent months, Plasmodium falciparum infections were reduced by 73% (95% CI 43%–89%) in treatment versus control villages and differences remained significant (p = 0.00497) in multivariate models with village-level random effects. Genetic sequencing of P. falciparum ribosomal L4 protein showed no mutations associated with AZT resistance. AZT mass drug administration caused a transient, 1-month antimalarial effect without selecting for P. falciparum ribosomal L4 resistance mutations in a region with a 10-year history of treating trachoma with this drug. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2014-06 /pmc/articles/PMC4036785/ /pubmed/24865642 http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2006.131302 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is a publication of the U.S. Government. This publication is in the public domain and is therefore without copyright. All text from this work may be reprinted freely. Use of these materials should be properly cited.
spellingShingle Research
Schachterle, Stephen E.
Mtove, George
Levens, Joshua P.
Clemens, Emily
Shi, Lirong
Raj, Amrita
Dumler, J. Stephen
Munoz, Beatriz
West, Shelia
Sullivan, David J.
Short-Term Malaria Reduction by Single-Dose Azithromycin during Mass Drug Administration for Trachoma, Tanzania
title Short-Term Malaria Reduction by Single-Dose Azithromycin during Mass Drug Administration for Trachoma, Tanzania
title_full Short-Term Malaria Reduction by Single-Dose Azithromycin during Mass Drug Administration for Trachoma, Tanzania
title_fullStr Short-Term Malaria Reduction by Single-Dose Azithromycin during Mass Drug Administration for Trachoma, Tanzania
title_full_unstemmed Short-Term Malaria Reduction by Single-Dose Azithromycin during Mass Drug Administration for Trachoma, Tanzania
title_short Short-Term Malaria Reduction by Single-Dose Azithromycin during Mass Drug Administration for Trachoma, Tanzania
title_sort short-term malaria reduction by single-dose azithromycin during mass drug administration for trachoma, tanzania
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4036785/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24865642
http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2006.131302
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