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Reassignment of Scattered Emission Photons in Multifocal Multiphoton Microscopy
Multifocal multiphoton microscopy (MMM) achieves fast imaging by simultaneously scanning multiple foci across different regions of specimen. The use of imaging detectors in MMM, such as CCD or CMOS, results in degradation of image signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) due to the scattering of emitted photons....
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4046171/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24898470 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep05153 |
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author | Cha, Jae Won Singh, Vijay Raj Kim, Ki Hean Subramanian, Jaichandar Peng, Qiwen Yu, Hanry Nedivi, Elly So, Peter T. C. |
author_facet | Cha, Jae Won Singh, Vijay Raj Kim, Ki Hean Subramanian, Jaichandar Peng, Qiwen Yu, Hanry Nedivi, Elly So, Peter T. C. |
author_sort | Cha, Jae Won |
collection | PubMed |
description | Multifocal multiphoton microscopy (MMM) achieves fast imaging by simultaneously scanning multiple foci across different regions of specimen. The use of imaging detectors in MMM, such as CCD or CMOS, results in degradation of image signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) due to the scattering of emitted photons. SNR can be partly recovered using multianode photomultiplier tubes (MAPMT). In this design, however, emission photons scattered to neighbor anodes are encoded by the foci scan location resulting in ghost images. The crosstalk between different anodes is currently measured a priori, which is cumbersome as it depends specimen properties. Here, we present the photon reassignment method for MMM, established based on the maximum likelihood (ML) estimation, for quantification of crosstalk between the anodes of MAPMT without a priori measurement. The method provides the reassignment of the photons generated by the ghost images to the original spatial location thus increases the SNR of the final reconstructed image. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4046171 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-40461712014-06-12 Reassignment of Scattered Emission Photons in Multifocal Multiphoton Microscopy Cha, Jae Won Singh, Vijay Raj Kim, Ki Hean Subramanian, Jaichandar Peng, Qiwen Yu, Hanry Nedivi, Elly So, Peter T. C. Sci Rep Article Multifocal multiphoton microscopy (MMM) achieves fast imaging by simultaneously scanning multiple foci across different regions of specimen. The use of imaging detectors in MMM, such as CCD or CMOS, results in degradation of image signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) due to the scattering of emitted photons. SNR can be partly recovered using multianode photomultiplier tubes (MAPMT). In this design, however, emission photons scattered to neighbor anodes are encoded by the foci scan location resulting in ghost images. The crosstalk between different anodes is currently measured a priori, which is cumbersome as it depends specimen properties. Here, we present the photon reassignment method for MMM, established based on the maximum likelihood (ML) estimation, for quantification of crosstalk between the anodes of MAPMT without a priori measurement. The method provides the reassignment of the photons generated by the ghost images to the original spatial location thus increases the SNR of the final reconstructed image. Nature Publishing Group 2014-06-05 /pmc/articles/PMC4046171/ /pubmed/24898470 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep05153 Text en Copyright © 2014, Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The images in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the image credit; if the image is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder in order to reproduce the image. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
spellingShingle | Article Cha, Jae Won Singh, Vijay Raj Kim, Ki Hean Subramanian, Jaichandar Peng, Qiwen Yu, Hanry Nedivi, Elly So, Peter T. C. Reassignment of Scattered Emission Photons in Multifocal Multiphoton Microscopy |
title | Reassignment of Scattered Emission Photons in Multifocal Multiphoton Microscopy |
title_full | Reassignment of Scattered Emission Photons in Multifocal Multiphoton Microscopy |
title_fullStr | Reassignment of Scattered Emission Photons in Multifocal Multiphoton Microscopy |
title_full_unstemmed | Reassignment of Scattered Emission Photons in Multifocal Multiphoton Microscopy |
title_short | Reassignment of Scattered Emission Photons in Multifocal Multiphoton Microscopy |
title_sort | reassignment of scattered emission photons in multifocal multiphoton microscopy |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4046171/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24898470 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep05153 |
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