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Stress-related hormone norepinephrine induces interleukin-6 expression in GES-1 cells
In the current literature, there is evidence that psychological factors can affect the incidence and progression of some cancers. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is known to be elevated in individuals experiencing chronic stress and is also involved in oncogenesis and cancer progression. However, the precise m...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Associação Brasileira de Divulgação Científica
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4051180/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24519125 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1414-431X20133346 |
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author | Yang, R. Lin, Q. Gao, H.B. Zhang, P. |
author_facet | Yang, R. Lin, Q. Gao, H.B. Zhang, P. |
author_sort | Yang, R. |
collection | PubMed |
description | In the current literature, there is evidence that psychological factors can affect the incidence and progression of some cancers. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is known to be elevated in individuals experiencing chronic stress and is also involved in oncogenesis and cancer progression. However, the precise mechanism of IL-6 induction by the stress-related hormone norepinephrine (NE) is not clear, and, furthermore, there are no reports about the effect of NE on IL-6 expression in gastric epithelial cells. In this study, we examined the effect of NE on IL-6 expression in immortalized human gastric epithelial cells (GES-1 cells). Using real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunoassay, we demonstrated that NE can induce IL-6 mRNA and protein expression in GES-1 cells. The induction is through the β-adrenergic receptor-cAMP-protein kinase A pathway and mainly at the transcriptional level. Progressive 5′-deletions and site-directed mutagenesis of the parental construct show that, although activating-protein-1 (AP-1), cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB), CCAAT-enhancer binding protein-β (C/EBP-β), and nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) binding sites are all required in the basal transcription of IL-6, only AP-1 and CREB binding sites in the IL-6 promoter are required in NE-induced IL-6 expression. The results suggest that chronic stress may increase IL-6 secretion of human gastric epithelial cells, at least in part, by the stress-associated hormone norepinephrine, and provides basic data on stress and gastric cancer progression. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4051180 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Associação Brasileira de Divulgação Científica |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-40511802014-06-10 Stress-related hormone norepinephrine induces interleukin-6 expression in GES-1 cells Yang, R. Lin, Q. Gao, H.B. Zhang, P. Braz J Med Biol Res Biomedical Sciences In the current literature, there is evidence that psychological factors can affect the incidence and progression of some cancers. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is known to be elevated in individuals experiencing chronic stress and is also involved in oncogenesis and cancer progression. However, the precise mechanism of IL-6 induction by the stress-related hormone norepinephrine (NE) is not clear, and, furthermore, there are no reports about the effect of NE on IL-6 expression in gastric epithelial cells. In this study, we examined the effect of NE on IL-6 expression in immortalized human gastric epithelial cells (GES-1 cells). Using real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunoassay, we demonstrated that NE can induce IL-6 mRNA and protein expression in GES-1 cells. The induction is through the β-adrenergic receptor-cAMP-protein kinase A pathway and mainly at the transcriptional level. Progressive 5′-deletions and site-directed mutagenesis of the parental construct show that, although activating-protein-1 (AP-1), cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB), CCAAT-enhancer binding protein-β (C/EBP-β), and nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) binding sites are all required in the basal transcription of IL-6, only AP-1 and CREB binding sites in the IL-6 promoter are required in NE-induced IL-6 expression. The results suggest that chronic stress may increase IL-6 secretion of human gastric epithelial cells, at least in part, by the stress-associated hormone norepinephrine, and provides basic data on stress and gastric cancer progression. Associação Brasileira de Divulgação Científica 2014-02-17 /pmc/articles/PMC4051180/ /pubmed/24519125 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1414-431X20133346 Text en http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Biomedical Sciences Yang, R. Lin, Q. Gao, H.B. Zhang, P. Stress-related hormone norepinephrine induces interleukin-6 expression in GES-1 cells |
title | Stress-related hormone norepinephrine induces
interleukin-6 expression in GES-1 cells |
title_full | Stress-related hormone norepinephrine induces
interleukin-6 expression in GES-1 cells |
title_fullStr | Stress-related hormone norepinephrine induces
interleukin-6 expression in GES-1 cells |
title_full_unstemmed | Stress-related hormone norepinephrine induces
interleukin-6 expression in GES-1 cells |
title_short | Stress-related hormone norepinephrine induces
interleukin-6 expression in GES-1 cells |
title_sort | stress-related hormone norepinephrine induces
interleukin-6 expression in ges-1 cells |
topic | Biomedical Sciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4051180/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24519125 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1414-431X20133346 |
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