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Laser Treatment for Diabetic Macular Edema in the 21(st) Century

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the leading cause of blindness in the diabetic population. The diabetes Control and Complications Trial reported that 27% of patients affected by type 1 diabetes develop DME within 9 years of onset. Other studies have shown that in patients with type 2 diabetes, the p...

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Autores principales: Romero-Aroca, Pedro, Reyes-Torres, Javier, Baget-Bernaldiz, Marc, Blasco-Suñe, Cristina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Bentham Science Publishers 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4051253/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24852439
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573399810666140402123026
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author Romero-Aroca, Pedro
Reyes-Torres, Javier
Baget-Bernaldiz, Marc
Blasco-Suñe, Cristina
author_facet Romero-Aroca, Pedro
Reyes-Torres, Javier
Baget-Bernaldiz, Marc
Blasco-Suñe, Cristina
author_sort Romero-Aroca, Pedro
collection PubMed
description Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the leading cause of blindness in the diabetic population. The diabetes Control and Complications Trial reported that 27% of patients affected by type 1 diabetes develop DME within 9 years of onset. Other studies have shown that in patients with type 2 diabetes, the prevalence increased from 3% to 28% within 5 years of diagnosis to twenty years after the onset. At the present time, despite the enthusiasm for evaluating several new treatments for DME, including the intravitreal therapies for DME (e.g., corticosteroids, and anti-VEGF drugs), laser photocoagulation remains the current gold standard and the only treatment with proven efficacy in a wide range of clinical trials for this condition. Despite being the standard technique for comparison and evaluation of the emerging treatments, we have generally poor understanding of the ETDRS recommendations, and we often forget about the results of laser in DME. The purpose of this review is to update our knowledge on laser photocoagulation for DME with an extensive review of the ETDRS results and discuss the laser techniques. Furthermore, we will describe the new developments in laser systems and review the current indications and results. Finally, we will discuss the results of laser treatments versus the current pharmacological therapies. We conclude by trying to provide a general overview that which laser treatment must be indicated and what types of lasers are currently recommended.
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spelling pubmed-40512532014-06-11 Laser Treatment for Diabetic Macular Edema in the 21(st) Century Romero-Aroca, Pedro Reyes-Torres, Javier Baget-Bernaldiz, Marc Blasco-Suñe, Cristina Curr Diabetes Rev Article Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the leading cause of blindness in the diabetic population. The diabetes Control and Complications Trial reported that 27% of patients affected by type 1 diabetes develop DME within 9 years of onset. Other studies have shown that in patients with type 2 diabetes, the prevalence increased from 3% to 28% within 5 years of diagnosis to twenty years after the onset. At the present time, despite the enthusiasm for evaluating several new treatments for DME, including the intravitreal therapies for DME (e.g., corticosteroids, and anti-VEGF drugs), laser photocoagulation remains the current gold standard and the only treatment with proven efficacy in a wide range of clinical trials for this condition. Despite being the standard technique for comparison and evaluation of the emerging treatments, we have generally poor understanding of the ETDRS recommendations, and we often forget about the results of laser in DME. The purpose of this review is to update our knowledge on laser photocoagulation for DME with an extensive review of the ETDRS results and discuss the laser techniques. Furthermore, we will describe the new developments in laser systems and review the current indications and results. Finally, we will discuss the results of laser treatments versus the current pharmacological therapies. We conclude by trying to provide a general overview that which laser treatment must be indicated and what types of lasers are currently recommended. Bentham Science Publishers 2014-03 2014-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4051253/ /pubmed/24852439 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573399810666140402123026 Text en © 2014 Bentham Science Publishers http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/), which permits unrestrictive use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Article
Romero-Aroca, Pedro
Reyes-Torres, Javier
Baget-Bernaldiz, Marc
Blasco-Suñe, Cristina
Laser Treatment for Diabetic Macular Edema in the 21(st) Century
title Laser Treatment for Diabetic Macular Edema in the 21(st) Century
title_full Laser Treatment for Diabetic Macular Edema in the 21(st) Century
title_fullStr Laser Treatment for Diabetic Macular Edema in the 21(st) Century
title_full_unstemmed Laser Treatment for Diabetic Macular Edema in the 21(st) Century
title_short Laser Treatment for Diabetic Macular Edema in the 21(st) Century
title_sort laser treatment for diabetic macular edema in the 21(st) century
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4051253/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24852439
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573399810666140402123026
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