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Recognition Functions of Pentameric C-Reactive Protein in Cardiovascular Disease

C-reactive protein (CRP) performs two recognition functions that are relevant to cardiovascular disease. First, in its native pentameric conformation, CRP recognizes molecules and cells with exposed phosphocholine (PCh) groups, such as microbial pathogens and damaged cells. PCh-containing ligand-bou...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Agrawal, Alok, Gang, Toh B., Rusiñol, Antonio E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4052174/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24948846
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/319215
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author Agrawal, Alok
Gang, Toh B.
Rusiñol, Antonio E.
author_facet Agrawal, Alok
Gang, Toh B.
Rusiñol, Antonio E.
author_sort Agrawal, Alok
collection PubMed
description C-reactive protein (CRP) performs two recognition functions that are relevant to cardiovascular disease. First, in its native pentameric conformation, CRP recognizes molecules and cells with exposed phosphocholine (PCh) groups, such as microbial pathogens and damaged cells. PCh-containing ligand-bound CRP activates the complement system to destroy the ligand. Thus, the PCh-binding function of CRP is defensive if it occurs on foreign pathogens because it results in the killing of the pathogen via complement activation. On the other hand, the PCh-binding function of CRP is detrimental if it occurs on injured host cells because it causes more damage to the tissue via complement activation; this is how CRP worsens acute myocardial infarction and ischemia/reperfusion injury. Second, in its nonnative pentameric conformation, CRP also recognizes atherogenic low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Recent data suggest that the LDL-binding function of CRP is beneficial because it prevents formation of macrophage foam cells, attenuates inflammatory effects of LDL, inhibits LDL oxidation, and reduces proatherogenic effects of macrophages, raising the possibility that nonnative CRP may show atheroprotective effects in experimental animals. In conclusion, temporarily inhibiting the PCh-binding function of CRP along with facilitating localized presence of nonnative pentameric CRP could be a promising approach to treat atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction. There is no need to stop the biosynthesis of CRP.
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spelling pubmed-40521742014-06-19 Recognition Functions of Pentameric C-Reactive Protein in Cardiovascular Disease Agrawal, Alok Gang, Toh B. Rusiñol, Antonio E. Mediators Inflamm Review Article C-reactive protein (CRP) performs two recognition functions that are relevant to cardiovascular disease. First, in its native pentameric conformation, CRP recognizes molecules and cells with exposed phosphocholine (PCh) groups, such as microbial pathogens and damaged cells. PCh-containing ligand-bound CRP activates the complement system to destroy the ligand. Thus, the PCh-binding function of CRP is defensive if it occurs on foreign pathogens because it results in the killing of the pathogen via complement activation. On the other hand, the PCh-binding function of CRP is detrimental if it occurs on injured host cells because it causes more damage to the tissue via complement activation; this is how CRP worsens acute myocardial infarction and ischemia/reperfusion injury. Second, in its nonnative pentameric conformation, CRP also recognizes atherogenic low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Recent data suggest that the LDL-binding function of CRP is beneficial because it prevents formation of macrophage foam cells, attenuates inflammatory effects of LDL, inhibits LDL oxidation, and reduces proatherogenic effects of macrophages, raising the possibility that nonnative CRP may show atheroprotective effects in experimental animals. In conclusion, temporarily inhibiting the PCh-binding function of CRP along with facilitating localized presence of nonnative pentameric CRP could be a promising approach to treat atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction. There is no need to stop the biosynthesis of CRP. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014 2014-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC4052174/ /pubmed/24948846 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/319215 Text en Copyright © 2014 Alok Agrawal et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Agrawal, Alok
Gang, Toh B.
Rusiñol, Antonio E.
Recognition Functions of Pentameric C-Reactive Protein in Cardiovascular Disease
title Recognition Functions of Pentameric C-Reactive Protein in Cardiovascular Disease
title_full Recognition Functions of Pentameric C-Reactive Protein in Cardiovascular Disease
title_fullStr Recognition Functions of Pentameric C-Reactive Protein in Cardiovascular Disease
title_full_unstemmed Recognition Functions of Pentameric C-Reactive Protein in Cardiovascular Disease
title_short Recognition Functions of Pentameric C-Reactive Protein in Cardiovascular Disease
title_sort recognition functions of pentameric c-reactive protein in cardiovascular disease
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4052174/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24948846
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/319215
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