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Range-Finding Risk Assessment of Inhalation Exposure to Nanodiamonds in a Laboratory Environment

This study considers fundamental methods in occupational risk assessment of exposure to airborne engineered nanomaterials. We discuss characterization of particle emissions, exposure assessment, hazard assessment with in vitro studies, and risk range characterization using calculated inhaled doses a...

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Autores principales: Koivisto, Antti J., Palomäki, Jaana E., Viitanen, Anna-Kaisa, Siivola, Kirsi M., Koponen, Ismo K., Yu, Mingzhou, Kanerva, Tomi S., Norppa, Hannu, Alenius, Harri T., Hussein, Tareq, Savolainen, Kai M., Hämeri, Kaarle J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4053885/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24840353
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110505382
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author Koivisto, Antti J.
Palomäki, Jaana E.
Viitanen, Anna-Kaisa
Siivola, Kirsi M.
Koponen, Ismo K.
Yu, Mingzhou
Kanerva, Tomi S.
Norppa, Hannu
Alenius, Harri T.
Hussein, Tareq
Savolainen, Kai M.
Hämeri, Kaarle J.
author_facet Koivisto, Antti J.
Palomäki, Jaana E.
Viitanen, Anna-Kaisa
Siivola, Kirsi M.
Koponen, Ismo K.
Yu, Mingzhou
Kanerva, Tomi S.
Norppa, Hannu
Alenius, Harri T.
Hussein, Tareq
Savolainen, Kai M.
Hämeri, Kaarle J.
author_sort Koivisto, Antti J.
collection PubMed
description This study considers fundamental methods in occupational risk assessment of exposure to airborne engineered nanomaterials. We discuss characterization of particle emissions, exposure assessment, hazard assessment with in vitro studies, and risk range characterization using calculated inhaled doses and dose-response translated to humans from in vitro studies. Here, the methods were utilized to assess workers’ risk range of inhalation exposure to nanodiamonds (NDs) during handling and sieving of ND powder. NDs were agglomerated to over 500 nm particles, and mean exposure levels of different work tasks varied from 0.24 to 4.96 µg·m(−3) (0.08 to 0.74 cm(−3)). In vitro-experiments suggested that ND exposure may cause a risk for activation of inflammatory cascade. However, risk range characterization based on in vitro dose-response was not performed because accurate assessment of delivered (settled) dose on the cells was not possible. Comparison of ND exposure with common pollutants revealed that ND exposure was below 5 μg·m(−3), which is one of the proposed exposure limits for diesel particulate matter, and the workers’ calculated dose of NDs during the measurement day was 74 ng which corresponded to 0.02% of the modeled daily (24 h) dose of submicrometer urban air particles.
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spelling pubmed-40538852014-06-12 Range-Finding Risk Assessment of Inhalation Exposure to Nanodiamonds in a Laboratory Environment Koivisto, Antti J. Palomäki, Jaana E. Viitanen, Anna-Kaisa Siivola, Kirsi M. Koponen, Ismo K. Yu, Mingzhou Kanerva, Tomi S. Norppa, Hannu Alenius, Harri T. Hussein, Tareq Savolainen, Kai M. Hämeri, Kaarle J. Int J Environ Res Public Health Article This study considers fundamental methods in occupational risk assessment of exposure to airborne engineered nanomaterials. We discuss characterization of particle emissions, exposure assessment, hazard assessment with in vitro studies, and risk range characterization using calculated inhaled doses and dose-response translated to humans from in vitro studies. Here, the methods were utilized to assess workers’ risk range of inhalation exposure to nanodiamonds (NDs) during handling and sieving of ND powder. NDs were agglomerated to over 500 nm particles, and mean exposure levels of different work tasks varied from 0.24 to 4.96 µg·m(−3) (0.08 to 0.74 cm(−3)). In vitro-experiments suggested that ND exposure may cause a risk for activation of inflammatory cascade. However, risk range characterization based on in vitro dose-response was not performed because accurate assessment of delivered (settled) dose on the cells was not possible. Comparison of ND exposure with common pollutants revealed that ND exposure was below 5 μg·m(−3), which is one of the proposed exposure limits for diesel particulate matter, and the workers’ calculated dose of NDs during the measurement day was 74 ng which corresponded to 0.02% of the modeled daily (24 h) dose of submicrometer urban air particles. MDPI 2014-05-16 2014-05 /pmc/articles/PMC4053885/ /pubmed/24840353 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110505382 Text en © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Koivisto, Antti J.
Palomäki, Jaana E.
Viitanen, Anna-Kaisa
Siivola, Kirsi M.
Koponen, Ismo K.
Yu, Mingzhou
Kanerva, Tomi S.
Norppa, Hannu
Alenius, Harri T.
Hussein, Tareq
Savolainen, Kai M.
Hämeri, Kaarle J.
Range-Finding Risk Assessment of Inhalation Exposure to Nanodiamonds in a Laboratory Environment
title Range-Finding Risk Assessment of Inhalation Exposure to Nanodiamonds in a Laboratory Environment
title_full Range-Finding Risk Assessment of Inhalation Exposure to Nanodiamonds in a Laboratory Environment
title_fullStr Range-Finding Risk Assessment of Inhalation Exposure to Nanodiamonds in a Laboratory Environment
title_full_unstemmed Range-Finding Risk Assessment of Inhalation Exposure to Nanodiamonds in a Laboratory Environment
title_short Range-Finding Risk Assessment of Inhalation Exposure to Nanodiamonds in a Laboratory Environment
title_sort range-finding risk assessment of inhalation exposure to nanodiamonds in a laboratory environment
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4053885/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24840353
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110505382
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