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High-throughput Methods Redefine the Rumen Microbiome and Its Relationship with Nutrition and Metabolism

Diversity in the forestomach microbiome is one of the key features of ruminant animals. The diverse microbial community adapts to a wide array of dietary feedstuffs and management strategies. Understanding rumen microbiome composition, adaptation, and function has global implications ranging from cl...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: McCann, Joshua C., Wickersham, Tryon A., Loor, Juan J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Libertas Academica 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4055558/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24940050
http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/BBI.S15389
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author McCann, Joshua C.
Wickersham, Tryon A.
Loor, Juan J.
author_facet McCann, Joshua C.
Wickersham, Tryon A.
Loor, Juan J.
author_sort McCann, Joshua C.
collection PubMed
description Diversity in the forestomach microbiome is one of the key features of ruminant animals. The diverse microbial community adapts to a wide array of dietary feedstuffs and management strategies. Understanding rumen microbiome composition, adaptation, and function has global implications ranging from climatology to applied animal production. Classical knowledge of rumen microbiology was based on anaerobic, culture-dependent methods. Next-generation sequencing and other molecular techniques have uncovered novel features of the rumen microbiome. For instance, pyrosequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene has revealed the taxonomic identity of bacteria and archaea to the genus level, and when complemented with barcoding adds multiple samples to a single run. Whole genome shotgun sequencing generates true metagenomic sequences to predict the functional capability of a microbiome, and can also be used to construct genomes of isolated organisms. Integration of high-throughput data describing the rumen microbiome with classic fermentation and animal performance parameters has produced meaningful advances and opened additional areas for study. In this review, we highlight recent studies of the rumen microbiome in the context of cattle production focusing on nutrition, rumen development, animal efficiency, and microbial function.
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spelling pubmed-40555582014-06-17 High-throughput Methods Redefine the Rumen Microbiome and Its Relationship with Nutrition and Metabolism McCann, Joshua C. Wickersham, Tryon A. Loor, Juan J. Bioinform Biol Insights Review Diversity in the forestomach microbiome is one of the key features of ruminant animals. The diverse microbial community adapts to a wide array of dietary feedstuffs and management strategies. Understanding rumen microbiome composition, adaptation, and function has global implications ranging from climatology to applied animal production. Classical knowledge of rumen microbiology was based on anaerobic, culture-dependent methods. Next-generation sequencing and other molecular techniques have uncovered novel features of the rumen microbiome. For instance, pyrosequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene has revealed the taxonomic identity of bacteria and archaea to the genus level, and when complemented with barcoding adds multiple samples to a single run. Whole genome shotgun sequencing generates true metagenomic sequences to predict the functional capability of a microbiome, and can also be used to construct genomes of isolated organisms. Integration of high-throughput data describing the rumen microbiome with classic fermentation and animal performance parameters has produced meaningful advances and opened additional areas for study. In this review, we highlight recent studies of the rumen microbiome in the context of cattle production focusing on nutrition, rumen development, animal efficiency, and microbial function. Libertas Academica 2014-06-08 /pmc/articles/PMC4055558/ /pubmed/24940050 http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/BBI.S15389 Text en © 2014 the author(s), publisher and licensee Libertas Academica Ltd. This is an open access article published under the Creative Commons CC-BY-NC 3.0 license.
spellingShingle Review
McCann, Joshua C.
Wickersham, Tryon A.
Loor, Juan J.
High-throughput Methods Redefine the Rumen Microbiome and Its Relationship with Nutrition and Metabolism
title High-throughput Methods Redefine the Rumen Microbiome and Its Relationship with Nutrition and Metabolism
title_full High-throughput Methods Redefine the Rumen Microbiome and Its Relationship with Nutrition and Metabolism
title_fullStr High-throughput Methods Redefine the Rumen Microbiome and Its Relationship with Nutrition and Metabolism
title_full_unstemmed High-throughput Methods Redefine the Rumen Microbiome and Its Relationship with Nutrition and Metabolism
title_short High-throughput Methods Redefine the Rumen Microbiome and Its Relationship with Nutrition and Metabolism
title_sort high-throughput methods redefine the rumen microbiome and its relationship with nutrition and metabolism
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4055558/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24940050
http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/BBI.S15389
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