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Exosomal miRNAs as potential biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in children
Intercellular interactions are essential for basic cellular activities and errors in either receiving or transferring these signals have shown to cause pathological conditions. These signals are not only regulated by membrane surface molecules but also by soluble secreted proteins, thereby allowing...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4057926/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24912806 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1479-5876-12-162 |
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author | Khalyfa, Abdelnaby Gozal, David |
author_facet | Khalyfa, Abdelnaby Gozal, David |
author_sort | Khalyfa, Abdelnaby |
collection | PubMed |
description | Intercellular interactions are essential for basic cellular activities and errors in either receiving or transferring these signals have shown to cause pathological conditions. These signals are not only regulated by membrane surface molecules but also by soluble secreted proteins, thereby allowing for an exquisite coordination of cell functions. Exosomes are released by cells upon fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVB) with the plasma membrane. Their envelope reflects their cellular origin and their surface and internal contents include important signaling components. Exosomes contain a wide variety of proteins, lipids, RNAs, non-transcribed RNAs, miRNAs and small RNAs that are representative to their cellular origin and shuttle from donor cells to recipient cells. The exosome formation cargo content and delivery is of immense biological interest because exosomes are believed to play major roles in various pathological conditions, and therefore provide unique opportunities for biomarker discovery and development of non-invasive diagnostics when examined in biological fluids such as urine and blood plasma. For example, circulating miRNAs in exosomes have been applied as functional biomarkers for diagnosis and outcomes prediction, while synthetic miRNAs in polymer-based nanoparticles are applicable for therapeutics. This review provides insights into the composition and functional properties of exosomes, and focuses on their potential value as diagnostic markers in the context of cardiovascular disease risk estimates in children who suffer from conditions associated with heightened prevalence of adverse cardiovascular disease, namely obesity and sleep-disordered-breathing. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4057926 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-40579262014-06-15 Exosomal miRNAs as potential biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in children Khalyfa, Abdelnaby Gozal, David J Transl Med Review Intercellular interactions are essential for basic cellular activities and errors in either receiving or transferring these signals have shown to cause pathological conditions. These signals are not only regulated by membrane surface molecules but also by soluble secreted proteins, thereby allowing for an exquisite coordination of cell functions. Exosomes are released by cells upon fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVB) with the plasma membrane. Their envelope reflects their cellular origin and their surface and internal contents include important signaling components. Exosomes contain a wide variety of proteins, lipids, RNAs, non-transcribed RNAs, miRNAs and small RNAs that are representative to their cellular origin and shuttle from donor cells to recipient cells. The exosome formation cargo content and delivery is of immense biological interest because exosomes are believed to play major roles in various pathological conditions, and therefore provide unique opportunities for biomarker discovery and development of non-invasive diagnostics when examined in biological fluids such as urine and blood plasma. For example, circulating miRNAs in exosomes have been applied as functional biomarkers for diagnosis and outcomes prediction, while synthetic miRNAs in polymer-based nanoparticles are applicable for therapeutics. This review provides insights into the composition and functional properties of exosomes, and focuses on their potential value as diagnostic markers in the context of cardiovascular disease risk estimates in children who suffer from conditions associated with heightened prevalence of adverse cardiovascular disease, namely obesity and sleep-disordered-breathing. BioMed Central 2014-06-10 /pmc/articles/PMC4057926/ /pubmed/24912806 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1479-5876-12-162 Text en Copyright © 2014 Khalyfa and Gozal; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Review Khalyfa, Abdelnaby Gozal, David Exosomal miRNAs as potential biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in children |
title | Exosomal miRNAs as potential biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in children |
title_full | Exosomal miRNAs as potential biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in children |
title_fullStr | Exosomal miRNAs as potential biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in children |
title_full_unstemmed | Exosomal miRNAs as potential biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in children |
title_short | Exosomal miRNAs as potential biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in children |
title_sort | exosomal mirnas as potential biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in children |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4057926/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24912806 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1479-5876-12-162 |
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