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Coinfection of tick cell lines has variable effects on replication of intracellular bacterial and viral pathogens

Ticks transmit various human and animal microbial pathogens and may harbour more than one pathogen simultaneously. Both viruses and bacteria can trigger, and may subsequently suppress, vertebrate host and arthropod vector anti-microbial responses. Microbial coinfection of ticks could lead to an adva...

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Autores principales: Moniuszko, Anna, Rückert, Claudia, Alberdi, M. Pilar, Barry, Gerald, Stevenson, Brian, Fazakerley, John K., Kohl, Alain, Bell-Sakyi, Lesley
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4058533/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24685441
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2014.01.010
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author Moniuszko, Anna
Rückert, Claudia
Alberdi, M. Pilar
Barry, Gerald
Stevenson, Brian
Fazakerley, John K.
Kohl, Alain
Bell-Sakyi, Lesley
author_facet Moniuszko, Anna
Rückert, Claudia
Alberdi, M. Pilar
Barry, Gerald
Stevenson, Brian
Fazakerley, John K.
Kohl, Alain
Bell-Sakyi, Lesley
author_sort Moniuszko, Anna
collection PubMed
description Ticks transmit various human and animal microbial pathogens and may harbour more than one pathogen simultaneously. Both viruses and bacteria can trigger, and may subsequently suppress, vertebrate host and arthropod vector anti-microbial responses. Microbial coinfection of ticks could lead to an advantage or disadvantage for one or more of the microorganisms. In this preliminary study, cell lines derived from the ticks Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes ricinus were infected sequentially with 2 arthropod-borne pathogens, Borrelia burgdorferi s.s., Ehrlichia ruminantium, or Semliki Forest virus (SFV), and the effect of coinfection on the replication of these pathogens was measured. Prior infection of tick cell cultures with the spirochaete B. burgdorferi enhanced subsequent replication of the rickettsial pathogen E. ruminantium whereas addition of spirochaetes to cells infected with E. ruminantium had no effect on growth of the latter. Both prior and subsequent presence of B. burgdorferi also had a positive effect on SFV replication. Presence of E. ruminantium or SFV had no measurable effect on B. burgdorferi growth. In tick cells infected first with E. ruminantium and then with SFV, virus replication was significantly higher across all time points measured (24, 48, 72 h post infection), while presence of the virus had no detectable effect on bacterial growth. When cells were infected first with SFV and then with E. ruminantium, there was no effect on replication of either pathogen. The results of this preliminary study indicate that interplay does occur between different pathogens during infection of tick cells. Further study is needed to determine if this results from direct pathogen–pathogen interaction or from effects on host cell defences, and to determine if these observations also apply in vivo in ticks. If presence of one pathogen in the tick vector results in increased replication of another, this could have implications for disease transmission and incidence.
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spelling pubmed-40585332014-06-17 Coinfection of tick cell lines has variable effects on replication of intracellular bacterial and viral pathogens Moniuszko, Anna Rückert, Claudia Alberdi, M. Pilar Barry, Gerald Stevenson, Brian Fazakerley, John K. Kohl, Alain Bell-Sakyi, Lesley Ticks Tick Borne Dis Original Article Ticks transmit various human and animal microbial pathogens and may harbour more than one pathogen simultaneously. Both viruses and bacteria can trigger, and may subsequently suppress, vertebrate host and arthropod vector anti-microbial responses. Microbial coinfection of ticks could lead to an advantage or disadvantage for one or more of the microorganisms. In this preliminary study, cell lines derived from the ticks Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes ricinus were infected sequentially with 2 arthropod-borne pathogens, Borrelia burgdorferi s.s., Ehrlichia ruminantium, or Semliki Forest virus (SFV), and the effect of coinfection on the replication of these pathogens was measured. Prior infection of tick cell cultures with the spirochaete B. burgdorferi enhanced subsequent replication of the rickettsial pathogen E. ruminantium whereas addition of spirochaetes to cells infected with E. ruminantium had no effect on growth of the latter. Both prior and subsequent presence of B. burgdorferi also had a positive effect on SFV replication. Presence of E. ruminantium or SFV had no measurable effect on B. burgdorferi growth. In tick cells infected first with E. ruminantium and then with SFV, virus replication was significantly higher across all time points measured (24, 48, 72 h post infection), while presence of the virus had no detectable effect on bacterial growth. When cells were infected first with SFV and then with E. ruminantium, there was no effect on replication of either pathogen. The results of this preliminary study indicate that interplay does occur between different pathogens during infection of tick cells. Further study is needed to determine if this results from direct pathogen–pathogen interaction or from effects on host cell defences, and to determine if these observations also apply in vivo in ticks. If presence of one pathogen in the tick vector results in increased replication of another, this could have implications for disease transmission and incidence. Elsevier 2014-06 /pmc/articles/PMC4058533/ /pubmed/24685441 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2014.01.010 Text en © 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which allows reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, so long as attribution is given to the creator. The license allows for commercial use.
spellingShingle Original Article
Moniuszko, Anna
Rückert, Claudia
Alberdi, M. Pilar
Barry, Gerald
Stevenson, Brian
Fazakerley, John K.
Kohl, Alain
Bell-Sakyi, Lesley
Coinfection of tick cell lines has variable effects on replication of intracellular bacterial and viral pathogens
title Coinfection of tick cell lines has variable effects on replication of intracellular bacterial and viral pathogens
title_full Coinfection of tick cell lines has variable effects on replication of intracellular bacterial and viral pathogens
title_fullStr Coinfection of tick cell lines has variable effects on replication of intracellular bacterial and viral pathogens
title_full_unstemmed Coinfection of tick cell lines has variable effects on replication of intracellular bacterial and viral pathogens
title_short Coinfection of tick cell lines has variable effects on replication of intracellular bacterial and viral pathogens
title_sort coinfection of tick cell lines has variable effects on replication of intracellular bacterial and viral pathogens
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4058533/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24685441
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2014.01.010
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