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Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Presence of Treponema denticola in a Tissue Biopsy of the Iceman
Ancient hominoid genome studies can be regarded by definition as metagenomic analyses since they represent a mixture of both hominoid and microbial sequences in an environment. Here, we report the molecular detection of the oral spirochete Treponema denticola in ancient human tissue biopsies of the...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4062476/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24941044 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0099994 |
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author | Maixner, Frank Thomma, Anton Cipollini, Giovanna Widder, Stefanie Rattei, Thomas Zink, Albert |
author_facet | Maixner, Frank Thomma, Anton Cipollini, Giovanna Widder, Stefanie Rattei, Thomas Zink, Albert |
author_sort | Maixner, Frank |
collection | PubMed |
description | Ancient hominoid genome studies can be regarded by definition as metagenomic analyses since they represent a mixture of both hominoid and microbial sequences in an environment. Here, we report the molecular detection of the oral spirochete Treponema denticola in ancient human tissue biopsies of the Iceman, a 5,300-year-old Copper Age natural ice mummy. Initially, the metagenomic data of the Iceman’s genomic survey was screened for bacterial ribosomal RNA (rRNA) specific reads. Through ranking the reads by abundance a relatively high number of rRNA reads most similar to T. denticola was detected. Mapping of the metagenome sequences against the T. denticola genome revealed additional reads most similar to this opportunistic pathogen. The DNA damage pattern of specifically mapped reads suggests an ancient origin of these sequences. The haematogenous spread of bacteria of the oral microbiome often reported in the recent literature could already explain the presence of metagenomic reads specific for T. denticola in the Iceman’s bone biopsy. We extended, however, our survey to an Iceman gingival tissue sample and a mouth swab sample and could thereby detect T. denticola and Porphyrimonas gingivalis, another important member of the human commensal oral microflora. Taken together, this study clearly underlines the opportunity to detect disease-associated microorganisms when applying metagenomics- enabled approaches on datasets of ancient human remains. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4062476 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-40624762014-06-24 Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Presence of Treponema denticola in a Tissue Biopsy of the Iceman Maixner, Frank Thomma, Anton Cipollini, Giovanna Widder, Stefanie Rattei, Thomas Zink, Albert PLoS One Research Article Ancient hominoid genome studies can be regarded by definition as metagenomic analyses since they represent a mixture of both hominoid and microbial sequences in an environment. Here, we report the molecular detection of the oral spirochete Treponema denticola in ancient human tissue biopsies of the Iceman, a 5,300-year-old Copper Age natural ice mummy. Initially, the metagenomic data of the Iceman’s genomic survey was screened for bacterial ribosomal RNA (rRNA) specific reads. Through ranking the reads by abundance a relatively high number of rRNA reads most similar to T. denticola was detected. Mapping of the metagenome sequences against the T. denticola genome revealed additional reads most similar to this opportunistic pathogen. The DNA damage pattern of specifically mapped reads suggests an ancient origin of these sequences. The haematogenous spread of bacteria of the oral microbiome often reported in the recent literature could already explain the presence of metagenomic reads specific for T. denticola in the Iceman’s bone biopsy. We extended, however, our survey to an Iceman gingival tissue sample and a mouth swab sample and could thereby detect T. denticola and Porphyrimonas gingivalis, another important member of the human commensal oral microflora. Taken together, this study clearly underlines the opportunity to detect disease-associated microorganisms when applying metagenomics- enabled approaches on datasets of ancient human remains. Public Library of Science 2014-06-18 /pmc/articles/PMC4062476/ /pubmed/24941044 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0099994 Text en © 2014 Maixner et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Maixner, Frank Thomma, Anton Cipollini, Giovanna Widder, Stefanie Rattei, Thomas Zink, Albert Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Presence of Treponema denticola in a Tissue Biopsy of the Iceman |
title | Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Presence of Treponema denticola in a Tissue Biopsy of the Iceman |
title_full | Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Presence of Treponema denticola in a Tissue Biopsy of the Iceman |
title_fullStr | Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Presence of Treponema denticola in a Tissue Biopsy of the Iceman |
title_full_unstemmed | Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Presence of Treponema denticola in a Tissue Biopsy of the Iceman |
title_short | Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Presence of Treponema denticola in a Tissue Biopsy of the Iceman |
title_sort | metagenomic analysis reveals presence of treponema denticola in a tissue biopsy of the iceman |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4062476/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24941044 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0099994 |
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