The SGLT2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Bench to Bedside Review
INTRODUCTION: The treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continues to pose challenges for clinicians and patients. The dramatic rise in T2DM prevalence, which has paralleled the rise in obesity, has strained the healthcare system and prompted the search for therapies that not only effectively...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Springer Healthcare
2014
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4065283/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24729157 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13300-014-0063-1 |
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author | McGill, Janet B. |
author_facet | McGill, Janet B. |
author_sort | McGill, Janet B. |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: The treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continues to pose challenges for clinicians and patients. The dramatic rise in T2DM prevalence, which has paralleled the rise in obesity, has strained the healthcare system and prompted the search for therapies that not only effectively treat hyperglycemia, but are also weight neutral or promote weight loss. In most clinical situations after diagnosis, patients are advised to adopt lifestyle changes and metformin is initiated to help control blood glucose levels. However, metformin may not be tolerated, or may not be sufficient for those with higher glucose levels at diagnosis. Even among those who have initial success with metformin, the majority eventually require one or more additional agents to achieve their treatment goals. Because T2DM is a progressive disease, the requirement for combination treatment escalates over time, driving the need for therapies with complementary mechanisms of action. METHODS AND RESULTS: Online public resources were searched using “empagliflozin”, identifying 32 articles in PubMed, and 12 abstracts presented at the 2013 American Diabetes Association meeting. Peer-reviewed articles and abstracts describing preclinical studies and clinical trials were retrieved, and relevant publications included in this review. Trials registered on clinicaltrials.gov were searched for ongoing empagliflozin studies. CONCLUSION: The sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are of great interest since they provide a novel, insulin-independent mechanism of action. The SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin has demonstrated promising pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties. In clinical trials, empagliflozin has demonstrated a good efficacy and safety profile in a broad range of patients with T2DM, and appears to be an attractive adjunct therapeutic option for the treatment of T2DM. Ongoing trials, including patients with T2DM and comorbidities such as hypertension, are expected to provide important additional data, which will further define the role of empagliflozin in a growing movement toward individualized approaches to diabetes care. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13300-014-0063-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4065283 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Springer Healthcare |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-40652832014-06-25 The SGLT2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Bench to Bedside Review McGill, Janet B. Diabetes Ther Review INTRODUCTION: The treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continues to pose challenges for clinicians and patients. The dramatic rise in T2DM prevalence, which has paralleled the rise in obesity, has strained the healthcare system and prompted the search for therapies that not only effectively treat hyperglycemia, but are also weight neutral or promote weight loss. In most clinical situations after diagnosis, patients are advised to adopt lifestyle changes and metformin is initiated to help control blood glucose levels. However, metformin may not be tolerated, or may not be sufficient for those with higher glucose levels at diagnosis. Even among those who have initial success with metformin, the majority eventually require one or more additional agents to achieve their treatment goals. Because T2DM is a progressive disease, the requirement for combination treatment escalates over time, driving the need for therapies with complementary mechanisms of action. METHODS AND RESULTS: Online public resources were searched using “empagliflozin”, identifying 32 articles in PubMed, and 12 abstracts presented at the 2013 American Diabetes Association meeting. Peer-reviewed articles and abstracts describing preclinical studies and clinical trials were retrieved, and relevant publications included in this review. Trials registered on clinicaltrials.gov were searched for ongoing empagliflozin studies. CONCLUSION: The sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are of great interest since they provide a novel, insulin-independent mechanism of action. The SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin has demonstrated promising pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties. In clinical trials, empagliflozin has demonstrated a good efficacy and safety profile in a broad range of patients with T2DM, and appears to be an attractive adjunct therapeutic option for the treatment of T2DM. Ongoing trials, including patients with T2DM and comorbidities such as hypertension, are expected to provide important additional data, which will further define the role of empagliflozin in a growing movement toward individualized approaches to diabetes care. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13300-014-0063-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Springer Healthcare 2014-04-12 2014-06 /pmc/articles/PMC4065283/ /pubmed/24729157 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13300-014-0063-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2014 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Review McGill, Janet B. The SGLT2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Bench to Bedside Review |
title | The SGLT2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Bench to Bedside Review |
title_full | The SGLT2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Bench to Bedside Review |
title_fullStr | The SGLT2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Bench to Bedside Review |
title_full_unstemmed | The SGLT2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Bench to Bedside Review |
title_short | The SGLT2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Bench to Bedside Review |
title_sort | sglt2 inhibitor empagliflozin for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a bench to bedside review |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4065283/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24729157 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13300-014-0063-1 |
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