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Influences of smoking and caffeine consumption on trigeminal pain processing

BACKGROUND: Many human and animal studies have shown the influence of nicotine and caffeine on pain perception and processing. This study aims to investigate whether smoking or caffeine consumption influences trigeminal pain processing. METHODS: Sixty healthy subjects were investigated using simulta...

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Autores principales: Holle, Dagny, Heber, Anke, Naegel, Steffen, Diener, Hans-Christoph, Katsarava, Zaza, Obermann, Mark
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4068369/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24928141
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1129-2377-15-39
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author Holle, Dagny
Heber, Anke
Naegel, Steffen
Diener, Hans-Christoph
Katsarava, Zaza
Obermann, Mark
author_facet Holle, Dagny
Heber, Anke
Naegel, Steffen
Diener, Hans-Christoph
Katsarava, Zaza
Obermann, Mark
author_sort Holle, Dagny
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Many human and animal studies have shown the influence of nicotine and caffeine on pain perception and processing. This study aims to investigate whether smoking or caffeine consumption influences trigeminal pain processing. METHODS: Sixty healthy subjects were investigated using simultaneous recordings of the nociceptive blink reflex (nBR) and pain related evoked potentials (PREP) following nociceptive electrical stimulation on both sides of the forehead (V1). Thirty subjects were investigated before and after smoking a cigarette, as well as before and after taking a tablet of 400 mg caffeine. RESULTS: After smoking PREP showed decreased N2 and P2 latencies indicating central facilitation at supraspinal (thalamic or cortical) level. PREP amplitudes were not changed. NBR showed a decreased area under the curve (AUC) indicating central inhibition at brainstem level. After caffeine intake no significant changes were observed comparing nBR and PREP results before consumption. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking influences trigeminal pain processing on supraspinal and brainstem level. In the investigated setting, caffeine consumption does not significantly alter trigeminal pain processing. This observation might help in the further understanding of the pathophysiology of pain disorders that are associated with excessive smoking habits such as cluster headache. Previous smoking has to be taken into account when performing electrophysiological studies to avoid bias of study results.
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spelling pubmed-40683692014-07-03 Influences of smoking and caffeine consumption on trigeminal pain processing Holle, Dagny Heber, Anke Naegel, Steffen Diener, Hans-Christoph Katsarava, Zaza Obermann, Mark J Headache Pain Research Article BACKGROUND: Many human and animal studies have shown the influence of nicotine and caffeine on pain perception and processing. This study aims to investigate whether smoking or caffeine consumption influences trigeminal pain processing. METHODS: Sixty healthy subjects were investigated using simultaneous recordings of the nociceptive blink reflex (nBR) and pain related evoked potentials (PREP) following nociceptive electrical stimulation on both sides of the forehead (V1). Thirty subjects were investigated before and after smoking a cigarette, as well as before and after taking a tablet of 400 mg caffeine. RESULTS: After smoking PREP showed decreased N2 and P2 latencies indicating central facilitation at supraspinal (thalamic or cortical) level. PREP amplitudes were not changed. NBR showed a decreased area under the curve (AUC) indicating central inhibition at brainstem level. After caffeine intake no significant changes were observed comparing nBR and PREP results before consumption. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking influences trigeminal pain processing on supraspinal and brainstem level. In the investigated setting, caffeine consumption does not significantly alter trigeminal pain processing. This observation might help in the further understanding of the pathophysiology of pain disorders that are associated with excessive smoking habits such as cluster headache. Previous smoking has to be taken into account when performing electrophysiological studies to avoid bias of study results. Springer 2014 2014-06-13 /pmc/articles/PMC4068369/ /pubmed/24928141 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1129-2377-15-39 Text en Copyright © 2014 Holle et al.; licensee Springer. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Holle, Dagny
Heber, Anke
Naegel, Steffen
Diener, Hans-Christoph
Katsarava, Zaza
Obermann, Mark
Influences of smoking and caffeine consumption on trigeminal pain processing
title Influences of smoking and caffeine consumption on trigeminal pain processing
title_full Influences of smoking and caffeine consumption on trigeminal pain processing
title_fullStr Influences of smoking and caffeine consumption on trigeminal pain processing
title_full_unstemmed Influences of smoking and caffeine consumption on trigeminal pain processing
title_short Influences of smoking and caffeine consumption on trigeminal pain processing
title_sort influences of smoking and caffeine consumption on trigeminal pain processing
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4068369/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24928141
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1129-2377-15-39
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