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Putative Role of Adipose Tissue in Growth and Metabolism of Colon Cancer Cells

Newly emerging data highlight obesity as an important risk factor for developing certain types of cancer, including colorectal cancer. Although evidence supports a link between the two, the mechanisms responsible for this relationship have not yet been fully elucidated. Hypertrophied and dysfunction...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Schwartz, Betty, Yehuda-Shnaidman, Einav
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4071563/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25019059
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2014.00164
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author Schwartz, Betty
Yehuda-Shnaidman, Einav
author_facet Schwartz, Betty
Yehuda-Shnaidman, Einav
author_sort Schwartz, Betty
collection PubMed
description Newly emerging data highlight obesity as an important risk factor for developing certain types of cancer, including colorectal cancer. Although evidence supports a link between the two, the mechanisms responsible for this relationship have not yet been fully elucidated. Hypertrophied and dysfunctional adipose tissue of the obese state is characterized by low-grade inflammation. Adipokines and cytokines secreted from adipocytes, together with the abundant availability of lipids from adipocytes in the tumor microenvironment, promote adhesion, migration, and invasion of tumor cells and support tumor progression and uncontrolled growth. One of the predisposed targets of the deleterious effects exerted by secretions from adipose tissue in obesity is the activities associated with the cellular mitochondria. Mitochondrial oxidative metabolism plays a key role in meeting cells’ energetic demands by oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos). Here we discuss: (a) the dynamic relationship between glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and OxPhos; (b) the evidence for impaired OxPhos (i.e., mitochondrial dysfunction) in colon cancer; (c) the mechanisms by which mitochondrial dysfunction can predispose to cancer. We propose that impaired OxPhos increases susceptibility to colon cancer since OxPhos is sensitive to a large number of factors that are intrinsic to the host (e.g., inflammation). Given that adipocytes are a major source of adipokines and energy for the cancer cell, understanding the mechanisms of metabolic symbiosis between cancer cells and adipocytes should reveal new therapeutic possibilities.
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spelling pubmed-40715632014-07-11 Putative Role of Adipose Tissue in Growth and Metabolism of Colon Cancer Cells Schwartz, Betty Yehuda-Shnaidman, Einav Front Oncol Oncology Newly emerging data highlight obesity as an important risk factor for developing certain types of cancer, including colorectal cancer. Although evidence supports a link between the two, the mechanisms responsible for this relationship have not yet been fully elucidated. Hypertrophied and dysfunctional adipose tissue of the obese state is characterized by low-grade inflammation. Adipokines and cytokines secreted from adipocytes, together with the abundant availability of lipids from adipocytes in the tumor microenvironment, promote adhesion, migration, and invasion of tumor cells and support tumor progression and uncontrolled growth. One of the predisposed targets of the deleterious effects exerted by secretions from adipose tissue in obesity is the activities associated with the cellular mitochondria. Mitochondrial oxidative metabolism plays a key role in meeting cells’ energetic demands by oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos). Here we discuss: (a) the dynamic relationship between glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and OxPhos; (b) the evidence for impaired OxPhos (i.e., mitochondrial dysfunction) in colon cancer; (c) the mechanisms by which mitochondrial dysfunction can predispose to cancer. We propose that impaired OxPhos increases susceptibility to colon cancer since OxPhos is sensitive to a large number of factors that are intrinsic to the host (e.g., inflammation). Given that adipocytes are a major source of adipokines and energy for the cancer cell, understanding the mechanisms of metabolic symbiosis between cancer cells and adipocytes should reveal new therapeutic possibilities. Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-06-26 /pmc/articles/PMC4071563/ /pubmed/25019059 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2014.00164 Text en Copyright © 2014 Schwartz and Yehuda-Shnaidman. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Oncology
Schwartz, Betty
Yehuda-Shnaidman, Einav
Putative Role of Adipose Tissue in Growth and Metabolism of Colon Cancer Cells
title Putative Role of Adipose Tissue in Growth and Metabolism of Colon Cancer Cells
title_full Putative Role of Adipose Tissue in Growth and Metabolism of Colon Cancer Cells
title_fullStr Putative Role of Adipose Tissue in Growth and Metabolism of Colon Cancer Cells
title_full_unstemmed Putative Role of Adipose Tissue in Growth and Metabolism of Colon Cancer Cells
title_short Putative Role of Adipose Tissue in Growth and Metabolism of Colon Cancer Cells
title_sort putative role of adipose tissue in growth and metabolism of colon cancer cells
topic Oncology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4071563/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25019059
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2014.00164
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