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Cloning and Characterization of a Unique Cytotoxic Protein Parasporin-5 Produced by Bacillus thuringiensis A1100 Strain
Parasporin is the cytocidal protein present in the parasporal inclusion of the non-insecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis strains, which has no hemolytic activity but has cytocidal activities, preferentially killing cancer cells. In this study, we characterized a cytocidal protein that belongs to this...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4073135/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24945755 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins6061882 |
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author | Ekino, Keisuke Okumura, Shiro Ishikawa, Tomoyuki Kitada, Sakae Saitoh, Hiroyuki Akao, Tetsuyuki Oka, Takuji Nomura, Yoshiyuki Ohba, Michio Shin, Takashi Mizuki, Eiichi |
author_facet | Ekino, Keisuke Okumura, Shiro Ishikawa, Tomoyuki Kitada, Sakae Saitoh, Hiroyuki Akao, Tetsuyuki Oka, Takuji Nomura, Yoshiyuki Ohba, Michio Shin, Takashi Mizuki, Eiichi |
author_sort | Ekino, Keisuke |
collection | PubMed |
description | Parasporin is the cytocidal protein present in the parasporal inclusion of the non-insecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis strains, which has no hemolytic activity but has cytocidal activities, preferentially killing cancer cells. In this study, we characterized a cytocidal protein that belongs to this category, which was designated parasporin-5 (PS5). PS5 was purified from B. thuringiensis serovar tohokuensis strain A1100 based on its cytocidal activity against human leukemic T cells (MOLT-4). The 50% effective concentration (EC(50)) of PS5 to MOLT-4 cells was approximately 0.075 μg/mL. PS5 was expressed as a 33.8-kDa inactive precursor protein and exhibited cytocidal activity only when degraded by protease at the C-terminal into smaller molecules of 29.8 kDa. Although PS5 showed no significant homology with other known parasporins, a Position Specific Iterative-Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (PSI-BLAST) search revealed that the protein showed slight homology to, not only some B. thuringiensis Cry toxins, but also to aerolysin-type β-pore-forming toxins (β-PFTs). The recombinant PS5 protein could be obtained as an active protein only when it was expressed in a precursor followed by processing with proteinase K. The cytotoxic activities of the protein against various mammalian cell lines were evaluated. PS5 showed strong cytocidal activity to seven of 18 mammalian cell lines tested, and low to no cytotoxicity to the others. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4073135 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-40731352014-06-27 Cloning and Characterization of a Unique Cytotoxic Protein Parasporin-5 Produced by Bacillus thuringiensis A1100 Strain Ekino, Keisuke Okumura, Shiro Ishikawa, Tomoyuki Kitada, Sakae Saitoh, Hiroyuki Akao, Tetsuyuki Oka, Takuji Nomura, Yoshiyuki Ohba, Michio Shin, Takashi Mizuki, Eiichi Toxins (Basel) Article Parasporin is the cytocidal protein present in the parasporal inclusion of the non-insecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis strains, which has no hemolytic activity but has cytocidal activities, preferentially killing cancer cells. In this study, we characterized a cytocidal protein that belongs to this category, which was designated parasporin-5 (PS5). PS5 was purified from B. thuringiensis serovar tohokuensis strain A1100 based on its cytocidal activity against human leukemic T cells (MOLT-4). The 50% effective concentration (EC(50)) of PS5 to MOLT-4 cells was approximately 0.075 μg/mL. PS5 was expressed as a 33.8-kDa inactive precursor protein and exhibited cytocidal activity only when degraded by protease at the C-terminal into smaller molecules of 29.8 kDa. Although PS5 showed no significant homology with other known parasporins, a Position Specific Iterative-Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (PSI-BLAST) search revealed that the protein showed slight homology to, not only some B. thuringiensis Cry toxins, but also to aerolysin-type β-pore-forming toxins (β-PFTs). The recombinant PS5 protein could be obtained as an active protein only when it was expressed in a precursor followed by processing with proteinase K. The cytotoxic activities of the protein against various mammalian cell lines were evaluated. PS5 showed strong cytocidal activity to seven of 18 mammalian cell lines tested, and low to no cytotoxicity to the others. MDPI 2014-06-18 /pmc/articles/PMC4073135/ /pubmed/24945755 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins6061882 Text en © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Ekino, Keisuke Okumura, Shiro Ishikawa, Tomoyuki Kitada, Sakae Saitoh, Hiroyuki Akao, Tetsuyuki Oka, Takuji Nomura, Yoshiyuki Ohba, Michio Shin, Takashi Mizuki, Eiichi Cloning and Characterization of a Unique Cytotoxic Protein Parasporin-5 Produced by Bacillus thuringiensis A1100 Strain |
title | Cloning and Characterization of a Unique Cytotoxic Protein Parasporin-5 Produced by Bacillus thuringiensis A1100 Strain |
title_full | Cloning and Characterization of a Unique Cytotoxic Protein Parasporin-5 Produced by Bacillus thuringiensis A1100 Strain |
title_fullStr | Cloning and Characterization of a Unique Cytotoxic Protein Parasporin-5 Produced by Bacillus thuringiensis A1100 Strain |
title_full_unstemmed | Cloning and Characterization of a Unique Cytotoxic Protein Parasporin-5 Produced by Bacillus thuringiensis A1100 Strain |
title_short | Cloning and Characterization of a Unique Cytotoxic Protein Parasporin-5 Produced by Bacillus thuringiensis A1100 Strain |
title_sort | cloning and characterization of a unique cytotoxic protein parasporin-5 produced by bacillus thuringiensis a1100 strain |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4073135/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24945755 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins6061882 |
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