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Mucosal Inflammatory Response to Salmonella typhimurium Infection
The human intestinal epithelium consists of a single layer of epithelial cells that forms a barrier against food antigens and the resident microbiota within the lumen. This delicately balanced organ functions in a highly sophisticated manner to uphold the fidelity of the intestinal epithelium and to...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2014
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4082011/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25071772 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00311 |
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author | Patel, Samir McCormick, Beth A. |
author_facet | Patel, Samir McCormick, Beth A. |
author_sort | Patel, Samir |
collection | PubMed |
description | The human intestinal epithelium consists of a single layer of epithelial cells that forms a barrier against food antigens and the resident microbiota within the lumen. This delicately balanced organ functions in a highly sophisticated manner to uphold the fidelity of the intestinal epithelium and to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms. On the luminal side, this barrier is fortified by a thick mucus layer, and on the serosal side exists the lamina propria containing a resident population of immune cells. Pathogens that are able to breach this barrier disrupt the healthy epithelial lining by interfering with the regulatory mechanisms that govern the normal balance of intestinal architecture and function. This disruption results in a coordinated innate immune response deployed to eliminate the intruder that includes the release of antimicrobial peptides, activation of pattern-recognition receptors, and recruitment of a variety of immune cells. In the case of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (S. typhimurium) infection, induction of an inflammatory response has been linked to its virulence mechanism, the type III secretion system (T3SS). The T3SS secretes protein effectors that exploit the host’s cell biology to facilitate bacterial entry and intracellular survival, and to modulate the host immune response. As the role of the intestinal epithelium in initiating an immune response has been increasingly realized, this review will highlight recent research that details progress made in understanding mechanisms underlying the mucosal inflammatory response to Salmonella infection, and how such inflammatory responses impact pathogenic fitness of this organism. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4082011 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-40820112014-07-28 Mucosal Inflammatory Response to Salmonella typhimurium Infection Patel, Samir McCormick, Beth A. Front Immunol Immunology The human intestinal epithelium consists of a single layer of epithelial cells that forms a barrier against food antigens and the resident microbiota within the lumen. This delicately balanced organ functions in a highly sophisticated manner to uphold the fidelity of the intestinal epithelium and to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms. On the luminal side, this barrier is fortified by a thick mucus layer, and on the serosal side exists the lamina propria containing a resident population of immune cells. Pathogens that are able to breach this barrier disrupt the healthy epithelial lining by interfering with the regulatory mechanisms that govern the normal balance of intestinal architecture and function. This disruption results in a coordinated innate immune response deployed to eliminate the intruder that includes the release of antimicrobial peptides, activation of pattern-recognition receptors, and recruitment of a variety of immune cells. In the case of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (S. typhimurium) infection, induction of an inflammatory response has been linked to its virulence mechanism, the type III secretion system (T3SS). The T3SS secretes protein effectors that exploit the host’s cell biology to facilitate bacterial entry and intracellular survival, and to modulate the host immune response. As the role of the intestinal epithelium in initiating an immune response has been increasingly realized, this review will highlight recent research that details progress made in understanding mechanisms underlying the mucosal inflammatory response to Salmonella infection, and how such inflammatory responses impact pathogenic fitness of this organism. Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-07-04 /pmc/articles/PMC4082011/ /pubmed/25071772 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00311 Text en Copyright © 2014 Patel and McCormick. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Patel, Samir McCormick, Beth A. Mucosal Inflammatory Response to Salmonella typhimurium Infection |
title | Mucosal Inflammatory Response to Salmonella typhimurium Infection |
title_full | Mucosal Inflammatory Response to Salmonella typhimurium Infection |
title_fullStr | Mucosal Inflammatory Response to Salmonella typhimurium Infection |
title_full_unstemmed | Mucosal Inflammatory Response to Salmonella typhimurium Infection |
title_short | Mucosal Inflammatory Response to Salmonella typhimurium Infection |
title_sort | mucosal inflammatory response to salmonella typhimurium infection |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4082011/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25071772 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00311 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT patelsamir mucosalinflammatoryresponsetosalmonellatyphimuriuminfection AT mccormickbetha mucosalinflammatoryresponsetosalmonellatyphimuriuminfection |