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The Translational Apparatus of Plastids and Its Role in Plant Development
Chloroplasts (plastids) possess a genome and their own machinery to express it. Translation in plastids occurs on bacterial-type 70S ribosomes utilizing a set of tRNAs that is entirely encoded in the plastid genome. In recent years, the components of the chloroplast translational apparatus have been...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4086613/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24589494 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mp/ssu022 |
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author | Tiller, Nadine Bock, Ralph |
author_facet | Tiller, Nadine Bock, Ralph |
author_sort | Tiller, Nadine |
collection | PubMed |
description | Chloroplasts (plastids) possess a genome and their own machinery to express it. Translation in plastids occurs on bacterial-type 70S ribosomes utilizing a set of tRNAs that is entirely encoded in the plastid genome. In recent years, the components of the chloroplast translational apparatus have been intensely studied by proteomic approaches and by reverse genetics in the model systems tobacco (plastid-encoded components) and Arabidopsis (nucleus-encoded components). This work has provided important new insights into the structure, function, and biogenesis of chloroplast ribosomes, and also has shed fresh light on the molecular mechanisms of the translation process in plastids. In addition, mutants affected in plastid translation have yielded strong genetic evidence for chloroplast genes and gene products influencing plant development at various levels, presumably via retrograde signaling pathway(s). In this review, we describe recent progress with the functional analysis of components of the chloroplast translational machinery and discuss the currently available evidence that supports a significant impact of plastid translational activity on plant anatomy and morphology. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4086613 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-40866132014-07-08 The Translational Apparatus of Plastids and Its Role in Plant Development Tiller, Nadine Bock, Ralph Mol Plant Review Article Chloroplasts (plastids) possess a genome and their own machinery to express it. Translation in plastids occurs on bacterial-type 70S ribosomes utilizing a set of tRNAs that is entirely encoded in the plastid genome. In recent years, the components of the chloroplast translational apparatus have been intensely studied by proteomic approaches and by reverse genetics in the model systems tobacco (plastid-encoded components) and Arabidopsis (nucleus-encoded components). This work has provided important new insights into the structure, function, and biogenesis of chloroplast ribosomes, and also has shed fresh light on the molecular mechanisms of the translation process in plastids. In addition, mutants affected in plastid translation have yielded strong genetic evidence for chloroplast genes and gene products influencing plant development at various levels, presumably via retrograde signaling pathway(s). In this review, we describe recent progress with the functional analysis of components of the chloroplast translational machinery and discuss the currently available evidence that supports a significant impact of plastid translational activity on plant anatomy and morphology. Oxford University Press 2014-07 2014-03-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4086613/ /pubmed/24589494 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mp/ssu022 Text en © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of CSPB and IPPE, SIBS, CAS. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com |
spellingShingle | Review Article Tiller, Nadine Bock, Ralph The Translational Apparatus of Plastids and Its Role in Plant Development |
title | The Translational Apparatus of Plastids and Its Role in Plant Development |
title_full | The Translational Apparatus of Plastids and Its Role in Plant Development |
title_fullStr | The Translational Apparatus of Plastids and Its Role in Plant Development |
title_full_unstemmed | The Translational Apparatus of Plastids and Its Role in Plant Development |
title_short | The Translational Apparatus of Plastids and Its Role in Plant Development |
title_sort | translational apparatus of plastids and its role in plant development |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4086613/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24589494 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mp/ssu022 |
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