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Scalable Control of Mounting and Attack by ESR1(+) Neurons in the Ventromedial Hypothalamus
Social behaviors, such as aggression or mating, proceed through a series of appetitive and consummatory phases(1) that are associated with increasing levels of arousal(2). How such escalation is encoded in the brain, and linked to behavioral action selection, remains an important unsolved problem in...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
2014
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4098836/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24739975 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature13169 |
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author | Lee, Hyosang Kim, Dong-Wook Remedios, Ryan Anthony, Todd E. Chang, Angela Madisen, Linda Zeng, Hongkui Anderson, David J. |
author_facet | Lee, Hyosang Kim, Dong-Wook Remedios, Ryan Anthony, Todd E. Chang, Angela Madisen, Linda Zeng, Hongkui Anderson, David J. |
author_sort | Lee, Hyosang |
collection | PubMed |
description | Social behaviors, such as aggression or mating, proceed through a series of appetitive and consummatory phases(1) that are associated with increasing levels of arousal(2). How such escalation is encoded in the brain, and linked to behavioral action selection, remains an important unsolved problem in neuroscience. The ventrolateral subdivision of the murine ventromedial hypothalamus (VMHvl) contains neurons whose activity increases during male-male and male-female social encounters. Non-cell type-specific optogenetic activation of this region elicited attack behavior, but not mounting(3). We have identified a subset of VMHvl neurons marked by the estrogen receptor 1 (Esr1), and investigated their role in male social behavior. Optogenetic manipulations indicated that Esr1(+) (but not Esr1(-)) neurons are sufficient to initiate attack, and that their activity is continuously required during ongoing agonistic behavior. Surprisingly, weaker optogenetic activation of these neurons promoted mounting behavior, rather than attack, towards both males and females, as well as sniffing and close investigation (CI). Increasing photostimulation intensity could promote a transition from CI and mounting to attack, within a single social encounter. Importantly, time-resolved optogenetic inhibition experiments revealed requirements for Esr1(+) neurons in both the appetitive (investigative) and the consummatory phases of social interactions. Combined optogenetic activation and calcium imaging experiments in vitro, as well as c-Fos analysis in vivo, indicated that increasing photostimulation intensity increases both the number of active neurons and the average level of activity per neuron. These data suggest that Esr1(+) neurons in VMHvl control the progression of a social encounter from its appetitive through its consummatory phases, in a scalable manner that reflects the number or type of active neurons in the population. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4098836 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-40988362014-11-29 Scalable Control of Mounting and Attack by ESR1(+) Neurons in the Ventromedial Hypothalamus Lee, Hyosang Kim, Dong-Wook Remedios, Ryan Anthony, Todd E. Chang, Angela Madisen, Linda Zeng, Hongkui Anderson, David J. Nature Article Social behaviors, such as aggression or mating, proceed through a series of appetitive and consummatory phases(1) that are associated with increasing levels of arousal(2). How such escalation is encoded in the brain, and linked to behavioral action selection, remains an important unsolved problem in neuroscience. The ventrolateral subdivision of the murine ventromedial hypothalamus (VMHvl) contains neurons whose activity increases during male-male and male-female social encounters. Non-cell type-specific optogenetic activation of this region elicited attack behavior, but not mounting(3). We have identified a subset of VMHvl neurons marked by the estrogen receptor 1 (Esr1), and investigated their role in male social behavior. Optogenetic manipulations indicated that Esr1(+) (but not Esr1(-)) neurons are sufficient to initiate attack, and that their activity is continuously required during ongoing agonistic behavior. Surprisingly, weaker optogenetic activation of these neurons promoted mounting behavior, rather than attack, towards both males and females, as well as sniffing and close investigation (CI). Increasing photostimulation intensity could promote a transition from CI and mounting to attack, within a single social encounter. Importantly, time-resolved optogenetic inhibition experiments revealed requirements for Esr1(+) neurons in both the appetitive (investigative) and the consummatory phases of social interactions. Combined optogenetic activation and calcium imaging experiments in vitro, as well as c-Fos analysis in vivo, indicated that increasing photostimulation intensity increases both the number of active neurons and the average level of activity per neuron. These data suggest that Esr1(+) neurons in VMHvl control the progression of a social encounter from its appetitive through its consummatory phases, in a scalable manner that reflects the number or type of active neurons in the population. 2014-04-16 2014-05-29 /pmc/articles/PMC4098836/ /pubmed/24739975 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature13169 Text en http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms Users may view, print, copy, and download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use:http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms |
spellingShingle | Article Lee, Hyosang Kim, Dong-Wook Remedios, Ryan Anthony, Todd E. Chang, Angela Madisen, Linda Zeng, Hongkui Anderson, David J. Scalable Control of Mounting and Attack by ESR1(+) Neurons in the Ventromedial Hypothalamus |
title | Scalable Control of Mounting and Attack by ESR1(+)
Neurons in the Ventromedial Hypothalamus |
title_full | Scalable Control of Mounting and Attack by ESR1(+)
Neurons in the Ventromedial Hypothalamus |
title_fullStr | Scalable Control of Mounting and Attack by ESR1(+)
Neurons in the Ventromedial Hypothalamus |
title_full_unstemmed | Scalable Control of Mounting and Attack by ESR1(+)
Neurons in the Ventromedial Hypothalamus |
title_short | Scalable Control of Mounting and Attack by ESR1(+)
Neurons in the Ventromedial Hypothalamus |
title_sort | scalable control of mounting and attack by esr1(+)
neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamus |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4098836/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24739975 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature13169 |
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