Phylogeography of Bacillus anthracis in the Country of Georgia Shows Evidence of Population Structuring and Is Dissimilar to Other Regional Genotypes

Sequence analyses and subtyping of Bacillus anthracis strains from Georgia reveal a single distinct lineage (Aust94) that is ecologically established. Phylogeographic analysis and comparisons to a global collection reveals a clade that is mostly restricted to Georgia. Within this clade, many groups...

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Autores principales: Khmaladze, Ekaterine, Birdsell, Dawn N., Naumann, Amber A., Hochhalter, Christian B., Seymour, Meagan L., Nottingham, Roxanne, Beckstrom-Sternberg, Stephen M., Beckstrom-Sternberg, James, Nikolich, Mikeljon P., Chanturia, Gvantsa, Zhgenti, Ekaterine, Zakalashvili, Mariam, Malania, Lile, Babuadze, Giorgi, Tsertsvadze, Nikoloz, Abazashvili, Natalia, Kekelidze, Merab, Tsanava, Shota, Imnadze, Paata, Ganz, Holly H., Getz, Wayne M., Pearson, Ofori, Gajer, Pawel, Eppinger, Mark, Ravel, Jacques, Wagner, David M., Okinaka, Richard T., Schupp, James M., Keim, Paul, Pearson, Talima
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2014
Materias:
Research Article
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4105404/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25047912
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0102651
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author Khmaladze, Ekaterine
Birdsell, Dawn N.
Naumann, Amber A.
Hochhalter, Christian B.
Seymour, Meagan L.
Nottingham, Roxanne
Beckstrom-Sternberg, Stephen M.
Beckstrom-Sternberg, James
Nikolich, Mikeljon P.
Chanturia, Gvantsa
Zhgenti, Ekaterine
Zakalashvili, Mariam
Malania, Lile
Babuadze, Giorgi
Tsertsvadze, Nikoloz
Abazashvili, Natalia
Kekelidze, Merab
Tsanava, Shota
Imnadze, Paata
Ganz, Holly H.
Getz, Wayne M.
Pearson, Ofori
Gajer, Pawel
Eppinger, Mark
Ravel, Jacques
Wagner, David M.
Okinaka, Richard T.
Schupp, James M.
Keim, Paul
Pearson, Talima
author_facet Khmaladze, Ekaterine
Birdsell, Dawn N.
Naumann, Amber A.
Hochhalter, Christian B.
Seymour, Meagan L.
Nottingham, Roxanne
Beckstrom-Sternberg, Stephen M.
Beckstrom-Sternberg, James
Nikolich, Mikeljon P.
Chanturia, Gvantsa
Zhgenti, Ekaterine
Zakalashvili, Mariam
Malania, Lile
Babuadze, Giorgi
Tsertsvadze, Nikoloz
Abazashvili, Natalia
Kekelidze, Merab
Tsanava, Shota
Imnadze, Paata
Ganz, Holly H.
Getz, Wayne M.
Pearson, Ofori
Gajer, Pawel
Eppinger, Mark
Ravel, Jacques
Wagner, David M.
Okinaka, Richard T.
Schupp, James M.
Keim, Paul
Pearson, Talima
author_sort Khmaladze, Ekaterine
collection PubMed
description Sequence analyses and subtyping of Bacillus anthracis strains from Georgia reveal a single distinct lineage (Aust94) that is ecologically established. Phylogeographic analysis and comparisons to a global collection reveals a clade that is mostly restricted to Georgia. Within this clade, many groups are found around the country, however at least one subclade is only found in the eastern part. This pattern suggests that dispersal into and out of Georgia has been rare and despite historical dispersion within the country, for at least for one lineage, current spread is limited.
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spelling pubmed-41054042014-07-23 Phylogeography of Bacillus anthracis in the Country of Georgia Shows Evidence of Population Structuring and Is Dissimilar to Other Regional Genotypes Khmaladze, Ekaterine Birdsell, Dawn N. Naumann, Amber A. Hochhalter, Christian B. Seymour, Meagan L. Nottingham, Roxanne Beckstrom-Sternberg, Stephen M. Beckstrom-Sternberg, James Nikolich, Mikeljon P. Chanturia, Gvantsa Zhgenti, Ekaterine Zakalashvili, Mariam Malania, Lile Babuadze, Giorgi Tsertsvadze, Nikoloz Abazashvili, Natalia Kekelidze, Merab Tsanava, Shota Imnadze, Paata Ganz, Holly H. Getz, Wayne M. Pearson, Ofori Gajer, Pawel Eppinger, Mark Ravel, Jacques Wagner, David M. Okinaka, Richard T. Schupp, James M. Keim, Paul Pearson, Talima PLoS One Research Article Sequence analyses and subtyping of Bacillus anthracis strains from Georgia reveal a single distinct lineage (Aust94) that is ecologically established. Phylogeographic analysis and comparisons to a global collection reveals a clade that is mostly restricted to Georgia. Within this clade, many groups are found around the country, however at least one subclade is only found in the eastern part. This pattern suggests that dispersal into and out of Georgia has been rare and despite historical dispersion within the country, for at least for one lineage, current spread is limited. Public Library of Science 2014-07-21 /pmc/articles/PMC4105404/ /pubmed/25047912 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0102651 Text en © 2014 Khmaladze et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Khmaladze, Ekaterine
Birdsell, Dawn N.
Naumann, Amber A.
Hochhalter, Christian B.
Seymour, Meagan L.
Nottingham, Roxanne
Beckstrom-Sternberg, Stephen M.
Beckstrom-Sternberg, James
Nikolich, Mikeljon P.
Chanturia, Gvantsa
Zhgenti, Ekaterine
Zakalashvili, Mariam
Malania, Lile
Babuadze, Giorgi
Tsertsvadze, Nikoloz
Abazashvili, Natalia
Kekelidze, Merab
Tsanava, Shota
Imnadze, Paata
Ganz, Holly H.
Getz, Wayne M.
Pearson, Ofori
Gajer, Pawel
Eppinger, Mark
Ravel, Jacques
Wagner, David M.
Okinaka, Richard T.
Schupp, James M.
Keim, Paul
Pearson, Talima
Phylogeography of Bacillus anthracis in the Country of Georgia Shows Evidence of Population Structuring and Is Dissimilar to Other Regional Genotypes
title Phylogeography of Bacillus anthracis in the Country of Georgia Shows Evidence of Population Structuring and Is Dissimilar to Other Regional Genotypes
title_full Phylogeography of Bacillus anthracis in the Country of Georgia Shows Evidence of Population Structuring and Is Dissimilar to Other Regional Genotypes
title_fullStr Phylogeography of Bacillus anthracis in the Country of Georgia Shows Evidence of Population Structuring and Is Dissimilar to Other Regional Genotypes
title_full_unstemmed Phylogeography of Bacillus anthracis in the Country of Georgia Shows Evidence of Population Structuring and Is Dissimilar to Other Regional Genotypes
title_short Phylogeography of Bacillus anthracis in the Country of Georgia Shows Evidence of Population Structuring and Is Dissimilar to Other Regional Genotypes
title_sort phylogeography of bacillus anthracis in the country of georgia shows evidence of population structuring and is dissimilar to other regional genotypes
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4105404/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25047912
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0102651
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