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The Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Current Management of Acute Compartment Syndrome

Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a surgical emergency warranting prompt evaluation and treatment. It can occur with any elevation in interstitial pressure in a closed osseo-fascial compartment. Resultant ischaemic damage may be irreversible within six hours and can result in long-term morbidity a...

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Autores principales: Donaldson, James, Haddad, Behrooz, Khan, Wasim S
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Bentham Open 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4110398/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25067973
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874325001408010185
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author Donaldson, James
Haddad, Behrooz
Khan, Wasim S
author_facet Donaldson, James
Haddad, Behrooz
Khan, Wasim S
author_sort Donaldson, James
collection PubMed
description Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a surgical emergency warranting prompt evaluation and treatment. It can occur with any elevation in interstitial pressure in a closed osseo-fascial compartment. Resultant ischaemic damage may be irreversible within six hours and can result in long-term morbidity and even death. The diagnosis is largely clinical with the classical description of ‘pain out of proportion to the injury’. Compartment pressure monitors can be a helpful adjunct where the diagnosis is in doubt. Initial treatment is with the removal of any constricting dressings or casts, avoiding hypotension and optimizing tissue perfusion by keeping the limb at heart level. If symptoms persist, definitive treatment is necessary with timely surgical decompression of all the involved compartments. This article reviews the pathophysiology, diagnosis and current management of ACS.
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spelling pubmed-41103982014-07-25 The Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Current Management of Acute Compartment Syndrome Donaldson, James Haddad, Behrooz Khan, Wasim S Open Orthop J Article Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a surgical emergency warranting prompt evaluation and treatment. It can occur with any elevation in interstitial pressure in a closed osseo-fascial compartment. Resultant ischaemic damage may be irreversible within six hours and can result in long-term morbidity and even death. The diagnosis is largely clinical with the classical description of ‘pain out of proportion to the injury’. Compartment pressure monitors can be a helpful adjunct where the diagnosis is in doubt. Initial treatment is with the removal of any constricting dressings or casts, avoiding hypotension and optimizing tissue perfusion by keeping the limb at heart level. If symptoms persist, definitive treatment is necessary with timely surgical decompression of all the involved compartments. This article reviews the pathophysiology, diagnosis and current management of ACS. Bentham Open 2014-06-27 /pmc/articles/PMC4110398/ /pubmed/25067973 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874325001408010185 Text en © Donaldson et al.; Licensee Bentham Open. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Article
Donaldson, James
Haddad, Behrooz
Khan, Wasim S
The Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Current Management of Acute Compartment Syndrome
title The Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Current Management of Acute Compartment Syndrome
title_full The Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Current Management of Acute Compartment Syndrome
title_fullStr The Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Current Management of Acute Compartment Syndrome
title_full_unstemmed The Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Current Management of Acute Compartment Syndrome
title_short The Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Current Management of Acute Compartment Syndrome
title_sort pathophysiology, diagnosis and current management of acute compartment syndrome
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4110398/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25067973
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874325001408010185
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