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Can Exercise Increase Fitness and Reduce Weight in Patients with Schizophrenia and Depression?

Background: Psychiatric patients have a reduced life expectancy of 15–20 years compared with the general population. Most years of lost life are due to the excess mortality from somatic diseases. Sedentary lifestyle and medication is partly responsible for the high frequency of metabolic syndrome in...

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Autores principales: Krogh, Jesper, Speyer, Helene, Nørgaard, Hans Christian Brix, Moltke, Ane, Nordentoft, Merete
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4112783/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25120495
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00089
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author Krogh, Jesper
Speyer, Helene
Nørgaard, Hans Christian Brix
Moltke, Ane
Nordentoft, Merete
author_facet Krogh, Jesper
Speyer, Helene
Nørgaard, Hans Christian Brix
Moltke, Ane
Nordentoft, Merete
author_sort Krogh, Jesper
collection PubMed
description Background: Psychiatric patients have a reduced life expectancy of 15–20 years compared with the general population. Most years of lost life are due to the excess mortality from somatic diseases. Sedentary lifestyle and medication is partly responsible for the high frequency of metabolic syndrome in this patient group and low levels of physical activity is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and all-cause mortality. This study aimed to review trials allocating patients with either schizophrenia or depression to exercise interventions for effect on cardiovascular fitness, strength, and weight. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO including randomized clinical trial allocating patients with either schizophrenia or depression to isolated exercise interventions. Results: We identified five trials including patients with schizophrenia (n = 94) and found little evidence that exercise could increase cardiovascular fitness or decrease weight. Nine exercise trials for patients with depression (n = 892) were identified increasing cardiovascular fitness by 11–30% and strength by 33–37%. No evidence in favor of exercise for weight reduction was found. Conclusion: Based on the current evidence isolated exercise interventions are unlikely to improve cardiovascular fitness or induce weight loss in patients with schizophrenia. In patients with depression, exercise interventions are likely to induce clinically relevant short term effects, however, due to lack of reporting, little is known about the effect on weight reduction and cardiovascular fitness. Future exercise trials regarding patients with mental illness should preferably measure changes in cardiovascular strength, repetition maximum, and anthropometric outcomes. Ideally, participants should be assessed beyond the intervention to identify long lasting effects.
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spelling pubmed-41127832014-08-12 Can Exercise Increase Fitness and Reduce Weight in Patients with Schizophrenia and Depression? Krogh, Jesper Speyer, Helene Nørgaard, Hans Christian Brix Moltke, Ane Nordentoft, Merete Front Psychiatry Psychiatry Background: Psychiatric patients have a reduced life expectancy of 15–20 years compared with the general population. Most years of lost life are due to the excess mortality from somatic diseases. Sedentary lifestyle and medication is partly responsible for the high frequency of metabolic syndrome in this patient group and low levels of physical activity is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and all-cause mortality. This study aimed to review trials allocating patients with either schizophrenia or depression to exercise interventions for effect on cardiovascular fitness, strength, and weight. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO including randomized clinical trial allocating patients with either schizophrenia or depression to isolated exercise interventions. Results: We identified five trials including patients with schizophrenia (n = 94) and found little evidence that exercise could increase cardiovascular fitness or decrease weight. Nine exercise trials for patients with depression (n = 892) were identified increasing cardiovascular fitness by 11–30% and strength by 33–37%. No evidence in favor of exercise for weight reduction was found. Conclusion: Based on the current evidence isolated exercise interventions are unlikely to improve cardiovascular fitness or induce weight loss in patients with schizophrenia. In patients with depression, exercise interventions are likely to induce clinically relevant short term effects, however, due to lack of reporting, little is known about the effect on weight reduction and cardiovascular fitness. Future exercise trials regarding patients with mental illness should preferably measure changes in cardiovascular strength, repetition maximum, and anthropometric outcomes. Ideally, participants should be assessed beyond the intervention to identify long lasting effects. Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-07-28 /pmc/articles/PMC4112783/ /pubmed/25120495 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00089 Text en Copyright © 2014 Krogh, Speyer, Nørgaard, Moltke and Nordentoft. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychiatry
Krogh, Jesper
Speyer, Helene
Nørgaard, Hans Christian Brix
Moltke, Ane
Nordentoft, Merete
Can Exercise Increase Fitness and Reduce Weight in Patients with Schizophrenia and Depression?
title Can Exercise Increase Fitness and Reduce Weight in Patients with Schizophrenia and Depression?
title_full Can Exercise Increase Fitness and Reduce Weight in Patients with Schizophrenia and Depression?
title_fullStr Can Exercise Increase Fitness and Reduce Weight in Patients with Schizophrenia and Depression?
title_full_unstemmed Can Exercise Increase Fitness and Reduce Weight in Patients with Schizophrenia and Depression?
title_short Can Exercise Increase Fitness and Reduce Weight in Patients with Schizophrenia and Depression?
title_sort can exercise increase fitness and reduce weight in patients with schizophrenia and depression?
topic Psychiatry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4112783/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25120495
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00089
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