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Validation of proposed prostate cancer biomarkers with gene expression data: a long road to travel
Biomarkers are important for early detection of cancer, prognosis, response prediction, and detection of residual or relapsing disease. Special attention has been given to diagnostic markers for prostate cancer since it is thought that early detection and surgery might reduce prostate cancer-specifi...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer US
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4113682/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24477410 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10555-013-9470-4 |
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author | Amaro, Adriana Esposito, Alessia Isabella Gallina, Anna Nees, Matthias Angelini, Giovanna Albini, Adriana Pfeffer, Ulrich |
author_facet | Amaro, Adriana Esposito, Alessia Isabella Gallina, Anna Nees, Matthias Angelini, Giovanna Albini, Adriana Pfeffer, Ulrich |
author_sort | Amaro, Adriana |
collection | PubMed |
description | Biomarkers are important for early detection of cancer, prognosis, response prediction, and detection of residual or relapsing disease. Special attention has been given to diagnostic markers for prostate cancer since it is thought that early detection and surgery might reduce prostate cancer-specific mortality. The use of prostate-specific antigen, PSA (KLK3), has been debated on the base of cohort studies that show that its use in preventive screenings only marginally influences mortality from prostate cancer. Many groups have identified alternative or additional markers, among which PCA3, in order to detect early prostate cancer through screening, to distinguish potentially lethal from indolent prostate cancers, and to guide the treatment decision. The large number of markers proposed has led us to the present study in which we analyze these indicators for their diagnostic and prognostic potential using publicly available genomic data. We identified 380 markers from literature analysis on 20,000 articles on prostate cancer markers. The most interesting ones appeared to be claudin 3 (CLDN3) and alpha-methysacyl-CoA racemase highly expressed in prostate cancer and filamin C (FLNC) and keratin 5 with highest expression in normal prostate tissue. None of the markers proposed can compete with PSA for tissue specificity. The indicators proposed generally show a great variability of expression in normal and tumor tissue or are expressed at similar levels in other tissues. Those proposed as prognostic markers distinguish cases with marginally different risk of progression and appear to have a clinically limited use. We used data sets sampling 152 prostate tissues, data sets with 281 prostate cancers analyzed by microarray analysis and a study of integrated genomics on 218 cases to develop a multigene score. A multivariate model that combines several indicators increases the discrimination power but does not add impressively to the information obtained from Gleason scoring. This analysis of 10 years of marker research suggests that diagnostic and prognostic testing is more difficult in prostate cancer than in other neoplasms and that we must continue to search for better candidates. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10555-013-9470-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4113682 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Springer US |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-41136822014-07-30 Validation of proposed prostate cancer biomarkers with gene expression data: a long road to travel Amaro, Adriana Esposito, Alessia Isabella Gallina, Anna Nees, Matthias Angelini, Giovanna Albini, Adriana Pfeffer, Ulrich Cancer Metastasis Rev Article Biomarkers are important for early detection of cancer, prognosis, response prediction, and detection of residual or relapsing disease. Special attention has been given to diagnostic markers for prostate cancer since it is thought that early detection and surgery might reduce prostate cancer-specific mortality. The use of prostate-specific antigen, PSA (KLK3), has been debated on the base of cohort studies that show that its use in preventive screenings only marginally influences mortality from prostate cancer. Many groups have identified alternative or additional markers, among which PCA3, in order to detect early prostate cancer through screening, to distinguish potentially lethal from indolent prostate cancers, and to guide the treatment decision. The large number of markers proposed has led us to the present study in which we analyze these indicators for their diagnostic and prognostic potential using publicly available genomic data. We identified 380 markers from literature analysis on 20,000 articles on prostate cancer markers. The most interesting ones appeared to be claudin 3 (CLDN3) and alpha-methysacyl-CoA racemase highly expressed in prostate cancer and filamin C (FLNC) and keratin 5 with highest expression in normal prostate tissue. None of the markers proposed can compete with PSA for tissue specificity. The indicators proposed generally show a great variability of expression in normal and tumor tissue or are expressed at similar levels in other tissues. Those proposed as prognostic markers distinguish cases with marginally different risk of progression and appear to have a clinically limited use. We used data sets sampling 152 prostate tissues, data sets with 281 prostate cancers analyzed by microarray analysis and a study of integrated genomics on 218 cases to develop a multigene score. A multivariate model that combines several indicators increases the discrimination power but does not add impressively to the information obtained from Gleason scoring. This analysis of 10 years of marker research suggests that diagnostic and prognostic testing is more difficult in prostate cancer than in other neoplasms and that we must continue to search for better candidates. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10555-013-9470-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Springer US 2014-01-30 2014 /pmc/articles/PMC4113682/ /pubmed/24477410 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10555-013-9470-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2014 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Article Amaro, Adriana Esposito, Alessia Isabella Gallina, Anna Nees, Matthias Angelini, Giovanna Albini, Adriana Pfeffer, Ulrich Validation of proposed prostate cancer biomarkers with gene expression data: a long road to travel |
title | Validation of proposed prostate cancer biomarkers with gene expression data: a long road to travel |
title_full | Validation of proposed prostate cancer biomarkers with gene expression data: a long road to travel |
title_fullStr | Validation of proposed prostate cancer biomarkers with gene expression data: a long road to travel |
title_full_unstemmed | Validation of proposed prostate cancer biomarkers with gene expression data: a long road to travel |
title_short | Validation of proposed prostate cancer biomarkers with gene expression data: a long road to travel |
title_sort | validation of proposed prostate cancer biomarkers with gene expression data: a long road to travel |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4113682/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24477410 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10555-013-9470-4 |
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