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An Unclassified Microorganism: Novel Pathogen Candidate Lurking in Human Airways

During the assessments of the correlation of the diseases and the microbiota of various clinical specimens, unique 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequences (less than 80% similarity to known bacterial type strains) were predominantly detected in a bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) specimen from a p...

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Autores principales: Fukuda, Kazumasa, Yatera, Kazuhiro, Ogawa, Midori, Kawanami, Toshinori, Yamasaki, Kei, Noguchi, Shingo, Murphy, Robert S., Mukae, Hiroshi, Taniguchi, Hatsumi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4117515/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25080337
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103646
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author Fukuda, Kazumasa
Yatera, Kazuhiro
Ogawa, Midori
Kawanami, Toshinori
Yamasaki, Kei
Noguchi, Shingo
Murphy, Robert S.
Mukae, Hiroshi
Taniguchi, Hatsumi
author_facet Fukuda, Kazumasa
Yatera, Kazuhiro
Ogawa, Midori
Kawanami, Toshinori
Yamasaki, Kei
Noguchi, Shingo
Murphy, Robert S.
Mukae, Hiroshi
Taniguchi, Hatsumi
author_sort Fukuda, Kazumasa
collection PubMed
description During the assessments of the correlation of the diseases and the microbiota of various clinical specimens, unique 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequences (less than 80% similarity to known bacterial type strains) were predominantly detected in a bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) specimen from a patient with chronic lower respiratory tract infection. The origin of this unique sequence is suspected to be the causative agent of the infection. We temporarily named the owner organism of this sequence “IOLA” (Infectious Organism Lurking in Airways). In order to evaluate the significance of IOLA in human lung disorders, we performed several experiments. IOLA-16S rRNA genes were detected in 6 of 386 clone libraries constructed from clinical specimens of patients with respiratory diseases (in our study series). The gene sequences (1,427 bp) are identical, and no significantly similar sequence was found in public databases (using NCBI blastn) except for the 8 shorter sequences detected from patients with respiratory diseases in other studies from 2 other countries. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the 16S rRNA gene of IOLA is more closely related to eukaryotic mitochondria than bacteria. However, the size and shape of IOLA seen by fluorescent in-situ hybridization are similar to small bacteria (approximately 1 µm with a spherical shape). Furthermore, features of both bacteria and mitochondria were observed in the genomic fragment (about 19 kb) of IOLA, and the GC ratio of the sequence was extremely low (20.5%). Two main conclusions were reached: (1) IOLA is a novel bacteria-like microorganism that, interestingly, possesses features of eukaryotic mitochondria. (2) IOLA is a novel pathogen candidate, and it may be the causative agent of human lung or airway disease. IOLA exists in BALF specimens from patients with remarkable symptoms; this information is an important piece for helping solve the elusive etiology of chronic respiratory disorders.
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spelling pubmed-41175152014-08-04 An Unclassified Microorganism: Novel Pathogen Candidate Lurking in Human Airways Fukuda, Kazumasa Yatera, Kazuhiro Ogawa, Midori Kawanami, Toshinori Yamasaki, Kei Noguchi, Shingo Murphy, Robert S. Mukae, Hiroshi Taniguchi, Hatsumi PLoS One Research Article During the assessments of the correlation of the diseases and the microbiota of various clinical specimens, unique 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequences (less than 80% similarity to known bacterial type strains) were predominantly detected in a bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) specimen from a patient with chronic lower respiratory tract infection. The origin of this unique sequence is suspected to be the causative agent of the infection. We temporarily named the owner organism of this sequence “IOLA” (Infectious Organism Lurking in Airways). In order to evaluate the significance of IOLA in human lung disorders, we performed several experiments. IOLA-16S rRNA genes were detected in 6 of 386 clone libraries constructed from clinical specimens of patients with respiratory diseases (in our study series). The gene sequences (1,427 bp) are identical, and no significantly similar sequence was found in public databases (using NCBI blastn) except for the 8 shorter sequences detected from patients with respiratory diseases in other studies from 2 other countries. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the 16S rRNA gene of IOLA is more closely related to eukaryotic mitochondria than bacteria. However, the size and shape of IOLA seen by fluorescent in-situ hybridization are similar to small bacteria (approximately 1 µm with a spherical shape). Furthermore, features of both bacteria and mitochondria were observed in the genomic fragment (about 19 kb) of IOLA, and the GC ratio of the sequence was extremely low (20.5%). Two main conclusions were reached: (1) IOLA is a novel bacteria-like microorganism that, interestingly, possesses features of eukaryotic mitochondria. (2) IOLA is a novel pathogen candidate, and it may be the causative agent of human lung or airway disease. IOLA exists in BALF specimens from patients with remarkable symptoms; this information is an important piece for helping solve the elusive etiology of chronic respiratory disorders. Public Library of Science 2014-07-31 /pmc/articles/PMC4117515/ /pubmed/25080337 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103646 Text en © 2014 Fukuda et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Fukuda, Kazumasa
Yatera, Kazuhiro
Ogawa, Midori
Kawanami, Toshinori
Yamasaki, Kei
Noguchi, Shingo
Murphy, Robert S.
Mukae, Hiroshi
Taniguchi, Hatsumi
An Unclassified Microorganism: Novel Pathogen Candidate Lurking in Human Airways
title An Unclassified Microorganism: Novel Pathogen Candidate Lurking in Human Airways
title_full An Unclassified Microorganism: Novel Pathogen Candidate Lurking in Human Airways
title_fullStr An Unclassified Microorganism: Novel Pathogen Candidate Lurking in Human Airways
title_full_unstemmed An Unclassified Microorganism: Novel Pathogen Candidate Lurking in Human Airways
title_short An Unclassified Microorganism: Novel Pathogen Candidate Lurking in Human Airways
title_sort unclassified microorganism: novel pathogen candidate lurking in human airways
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4117515/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25080337
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103646
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