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How may the basal ganglia contribute to auditory categorization and speech perception?
Listeners must accomplish two complementary perceptual feats in extracting a message from speech. They must discriminate linguistically-relevant acoustic variability and generalize across irrelevant variability. Said another way, they must categorize speech. Since the mapping of acoustic variability...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4117994/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25136291 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2014.00230 |
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author | Lim, Sung-Joo Fiez, Julie A. Holt, Lori L. |
author_facet | Lim, Sung-Joo Fiez, Julie A. Holt, Lori L. |
author_sort | Lim, Sung-Joo |
collection | PubMed |
description | Listeners must accomplish two complementary perceptual feats in extracting a message from speech. They must discriminate linguistically-relevant acoustic variability and generalize across irrelevant variability. Said another way, they must categorize speech. Since the mapping of acoustic variability is language-specific, these categories must be learned from experience. Thus, understanding how, in general, the auditory system acquires and represents categories can inform us about the toolbox of mechanisms available to speech perception. This perspective invites consideration of findings from cognitive neuroscience literatures outside of the speech domain as a means of constraining models of speech perception. Although neurobiological models of speech perception have mainly focused on cerebral cortex, research outside the speech domain is consistent with the possibility of significant subcortical contributions in category learning. Here, we review the functional role of one such structure, the basal ganglia. We examine research from animal electrophysiology, human neuroimaging, and behavior to consider characteristics of basal ganglia processing that may be advantageous for speech category learning. We also present emerging evidence for a direct role for basal ganglia in learning auditory categories in a complex, naturalistic task intended to model the incidental manner in which speech categories are acquired. To conclude, we highlight new research questions that arise in incorporating the broader neuroscience research literature in modeling speech perception, and suggest how understanding contributions of the basal ganglia can inform attempts to optimize training protocols for learning non-native speech categories in adulthood. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4117994 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-41179942014-08-18 How may the basal ganglia contribute to auditory categorization and speech perception? Lim, Sung-Joo Fiez, Julie A. Holt, Lori L. Front Neurosci Psychology Listeners must accomplish two complementary perceptual feats in extracting a message from speech. They must discriminate linguistically-relevant acoustic variability and generalize across irrelevant variability. Said another way, they must categorize speech. Since the mapping of acoustic variability is language-specific, these categories must be learned from experience. Thus, understanding how, in general, the auditory system acquires and represents categories can inform us about the toolbox of mechanisms available to speech perception. This perspective invites consideration of findings from cognitive neuroscience literatures outside of the speech domain as a means of constraining models of speech perception. Although neurobiological models of speech perception have mainly focused on cerebral cortex, research outside the speech domain is consistent with the possibility of significant subcortical contributions in category learning. Here, we review the functional role of one such structure, the basal ganglia. We examine research from animal electrophysiology, human neuroimaging, and behavior to consider characteristics of basal ganglia processing that may be advantageous for speech category learning. We also present emerging evidence for a direct role for basal ganglia in learning auditory categories in a complex, naturalistic task intended to model the incidental manner in which speech categories are acquired. To conclude, we highlight new research questions that arise in incorporating the broader neuroscience research literature in modeling speech perception, and suggest how understanding contributions of the basal ganglia can inform attempts to optimize training protocols for learning non-native speech categories in adulthood. Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-08-01 /pmc/articles/PMC4117994/ /pubmed/25136291 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2014.00230 Text en Copyright © 2014 Lim, Fiez and Holt. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Psychology Lim, Sung-Joo Fiez, Julie A. Holt, Lori L. How may the basal ganglia contribute to auditory categorization and speech perception? |
title | How may the basal ganglia contribute to auditory categorization and speech perception? |
title_full | How may the basal ganglia contribute to auditory categorization and speech perception? |
title_fullStr | How may the basal ganglia contribute to auditory categorization and speech perception? |
title_full_unstemmed | How may the basal ganglia contribute to auditory categorization and speech perception? |
title_short | How may the basal ganglia contribute to auditory categorization and speech perception? |
title_sort | how may the basal ganglia contribute to auditory categorization and speech perception? |
topic | Psychology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4117994/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25136291 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2014.00230 |
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