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A unified cell biological perspective on axon–myelin injury

Demyelination and axon loss are pathological hallmarks of the neuroinflammatory disorder multiple sclerosis (MS). Although we have an increasingly detailed understanding of how immune cells can damage axons and myelin individually, we lack a unified view of how the axon–myelin unit as a whole is aff...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Simons, Mikael, Misgeld, Thomas, Kerschensteiner, Martin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Rockefeller University Press 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4121977/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25092654
http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201404154
Descripción
Sumario:Demyelination and axon loss are pathological hallmarks of the neuroinflammatory disorder multiple sclerosis (MS). Although we have an increasingly detailed understanding of how immune cells can damage axons and myelin individually, we lack a unified view of how the axon–myelin unit as a whole is affected by immune-mediated attack. In this review, we propose that as a result of the tight cell biological interconnection of axons and myelin, damage to either can spread, which might convert a local inflammatory disease process early in MS into the global progressive disorder seen during later stages. This mode of spreading could also apply to other neurological disorders.