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The Relevance of HLA Sequencing in Population Genetics Studies

Next generation sequencing (NGS) is currently being adapted by different biotechnological platforms to the standard typing method for HLA polymorphism, the huge diversity of which makes this initiative particularly challenging. Boosting the molecular characterization of the HLA genes through efficie...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Sanchez-Mazas, Alicia, Meyer, Diogo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4122113/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25126587
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/971818
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author Sanchez-Mazas, Alicia
Meyer, Diogo
author_facet Sanchez-Mazas, Alicia
Meyer, Diogo
author_sort Sanchez-Mazas, Alicia
collection PubMed
description Next generation sequencing (NGS) is currently being adapted by different biotechnological platforms to the standard typing method for HLA polymorphism, the huge diversity of which makes this initiative particularly challenging. Boosting the molecular characterization of the HLA genes through efficient, rapid, and low-cost technologies is expected to amplify the success of tissue transplantation by enabling us to find donor-recipient matching for rare phenotypes. But the application of NGS technologies to the molecular mapping of the MHC region also anticipates essential changes in population genetic studies. Huge amounts of HLA sequence data will be available in the next years for different populations, with the potential to change our understanding of HLA variation in humans. In this review, we first explain how HLA sequencing allows a better assessment of the HLA diversity in human populations, taking also into account the methodological difficulties it introduces at the statistical level; secondly, we show how analyzing HLA sequence variation may improve our comprehension of population genetic relationships by facilitating the identification of demographic events that marked human evolution; finally, we discuss the interest of both HLA and genome-wide sequencing and genotyping in detecting functionally significant SNPs in the MHC region, the latter having also contributed to the makeup of the HLA molecular diversity observed today.
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spelling pubmed-41221132014-08-14 The Relevance of HLA Sequencing in Population Genetics Studies Sanchez-Mazas, Alicia Meyer, Diogo J Immunol Res Review Article Next generation sequencing (NGS) is currently being adapted by different biotechnological platforms to the standard typing method for HLA polymorphism, the huge diversity of which makes this initiative particularly challenging. Boosting the molecular characterization of the HLA genes through efficient, rapid, and low-cost technologies is expected to amplify the success of tissue transplantation by enabling us to find donor-recipient matching for rare phenotypes. But the application of NGS technologies to the molecular mapping of the MHC region also anticipates essential changes in population genetic studies. Huge amounts of HLA sequence data will be available in the next years for different populations, with the potential to change our understanding of HLA variation in humans. In this review, we first explain how HLA sequencing allows a better assessment of the HLA diversity in human populations, taking also into account the methodological difficulties it introduces at the statistical level; secondly, we show how analyzing HLA sequence variation may improve our comprehension of population genetic relationships by facilitating the identification of demographic events that marked human evolution; finally, we discuss the interest of both HLA and genome-wide sequencing and genotyping in detecting functionally significant SNPs in the MHC region, the latter having also contributed to the makeup of the HLA molecular diversity observed today. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014 2014-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC4122113/ /pubmed/25126587 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/971818 Text en Copyright © 2014 A. Sanchez-Mazas and D. Meyer. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Sanchez-Mazas, Alicia
Meyer, Diogo
The Relevance of HLA Sequencing in Population Genetics Studies
title The Relevance of HLA Sequencing in Population Genetics Studies
title_full The Relevance of HLA Sequencing in Population Genetics Studies
title_fullStr The Relevance of HLA Sequencing in Population Genetics Studies
title_full_unstemmed The Relevance of HLA Sequencing in Population Genetics Studies
title_short The Relevance of HLA Sequencing in Population Genetics Studies
title_sort relevance of hla sequencing in population genetics studies
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4122113/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25126587
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/971818
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