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Evolution of the Vertebrate Pax4/6 Class of Genes with Focus on Its Novel Member, the Pax10 Gene

The members of the paired box (Pax) family regulate key developmental pathways in many metazoans as tissue-specific transcription factors. Vertebrate genomes typically possess nine Pax genes (Pax1–9), which are derived from four proto-Pax genes in the vertebrate ancestor that were later expanded thr...

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Autores principales: Feiner, Nathalie, Meyer, Axel, Kuraku, Shigehiro
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4122933/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24951566
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evu135
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author Feiner, Nathalie
Meyer, Axel
Kuraku, Shigehiro
author_facet Feiner, Nathalie
Meyer, Axel
Kuraku, Shigehiro
author_sort Feiner, Nathalie
collection PubMed
description The members of the paired box (Pax) family regulate key developmental pathways in many metazoans as tissue-specific transcription factors. Vertebrate genomes typically possess nine Pax genes (Pax1–9), which are derived from four proto-Pax genes in the vertebrate ancestor that were later expanded through the so-called two-round (2R) whole-genome duplication. A recent study proposed that pax6a genes of a subset of teleost fishes (namely, acanthopterygians) are remnants of a paralog generated in the 2R genome duplication, to be renamed pax6.3, and reported one more group of vertebrate Pax genes (Pax6.2), most closely related to the Pax4/6 class. We propose to designate this new member Pax10 instead and reconstruct the evolutionary history of the Pax4/6/10 class with solid phylogenetic evidence. Our synteny analysis showed that Pax4, -6, and -10 originated in the 2R genome duplications early in vertebrate evolution. The phylogenetic analyses of relationships between teleost pax6a and other Pax4, -6, and -10 genes, however, do not support the proposed hypothesis of an ancient origin of the acanthopterygian pax6a genes in the 2R genome duplication. Instead, we confirmed the traditional scenario that the acanthopterygian pax6a is derived from the more recent teleost-specific genome duplication. Notably, Pax6 is present in all vertebrates surveyed to date, whereas Pax4 and -10 were lost multiple times in independent vertebrate lineages, likely because of their restricted expression patterns: Among Pax6-positive domains, Pax10 has retained expression in the adult retina alone, which we documented through in situ hybridization and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction experiments on zebrafish, Xenopus, and anole lizard.
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spelling pubmed-41229332014-08-12 Evolution of the Vertebrate Pax4/6 Class of Genes with Focus on Its Novel Member, the Pax10 Gene Feiner, Nathalie Meyer, Axel Kuraku, Shigehiro Genome Biol Evol Research Article The members of the paired box (Pax) family regulate key developmental pathways in many metazoans as tissue-specific transcription factors. Vertebrate genomes typically possess nine Pax genes (Pax1–9), which are derived from four proto-Pax genes in the vertebrate ancestor that were later expanded through the so-called two-round (2R) whole-genome duplication. A recent study proposed that pax6a genes of a subset of teleost fishes (namely, acanthopterygians) are remnants of a paralog generated in the 2R genome duplication, to be renamed pax6.3, and reported one more group of vertebrate Pax genes (Pax6.2), most closely related to the Pax4/6 class. We propose to designate this new member Pax10 instead and reconstruct the evolutionary history of the Pax4/6/10 class with solid phylogenetic evidence. Our synteny analysis showed that Pax4, -6, and -10 originated in the 2R genome duplications early in vertebrate evolution. The phylogenetic analyses of relationships between teleost pax6a and other Pax4, -6, and -10 genes, however, do not support the proposed hypothesis of an ancient origin of the acanthopterygian pax6a genes in the 2R genome duplication. Instead, we confirmed the traditional scenario that the acanthopterygian pax6a is derived from the more recent teleost-specific genome duplication. Notably, Pax6 is present in all vertebrates surveyed to date, whereas Pax4 and -10 were lost multiple times in independent vertebrate lineages, likely because of their restricted expression patterns: Among Pax6-positive domains, Pax10 has retained expression in the adult retina alone, which we documented through in situ hybridization and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction experiments on zebrafish, Xenopus, and anole lizard. Oxford University Press 2014-06-19 /pmc/articles/PMC4122933/ /pubmed/24951566 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evu135 Text en © The Author(s) 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Research Article
Feiner, Nathalie
Meyer, Axel
Kuraku, Shigehiro
Evolution of the Vertebrate Pax4/6 Class of Genes with Focus on Its Novel Member, the Pax10 Gene
title Evolution of the Vertebrate Pax4/6 Class of Genes with Focus on Its Novel Member, the Pax10 Gene
title_full Evolution of the Vertebrate Pax4/6 Class of Genes with Focus on Its Novel Member, the Pax10 Gene
title_fullStr Evolution of the Vertebrate Pax4/6 Class of Genes with Focus on Its Novel Member, the Pax10 Gene
title_full_unstemmed Evolution of the Vertebrate Pax4/6 Class of Genes with Focus on Its Novel Member, the Pax10 Gene
title_short Evolution of the Vertebrate Pax4/6 Class of Genes with Focus on Its Novel Member, the Pax10 Gene
title_sort evolution of the vertebrate pax4/6 class of genes with focus on its novel member, the pax10 gene
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4122933/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24951566
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evu135
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