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Neuroimaging of amblyopia and binocular vision: a review

Amblyopia is a cerebral visual impairment considered to derive from abnormal visual experience (e.g., strabismus, anisometropia). Amblyopia, first considered as a monocular disorder, is now often seen as a primarily binocular disorder resulting in more and more studies examining the binocular defici...

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Autores principales: Joly, Olivier, Frankó, Edit
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4123726/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25147511
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnint.2014.00062
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author Joly, Olivier
Frankó, Edit
author_facet Joly, Olivier
Frankó, Edit
author_sort Joly, Olivier
collection PubMed
description Amblyopia is a cerebral visual impairment considered to derive from abnormal visual experience (e.g., strabismus, anisometropia). Amblyopia, first considered as a monocular disorder, is now often seen as a primarily binocular disorder resulting in more and more studies examining the binocular deficits in the patients. The neural mechanisms of amblyopia are not completely understood even though they have been investigated with electrophysiological recordings in animal models and more recently with neuroimaging techniques in humans. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the brain regions that underlie the visual deficits associated with amblyopia with a focus on binocular vision using functional magnetic resonance imaging. The first studies focused on abnormal responses in the primary and secondary visual areas whereas recent evidence shows that there are also deficits at higher levels of the visual pathways within the parieto-occipital and temporal cortices. These higher level areas are part of the cortical network involved in 3D vision from binocular cues. Therefore, reduced responses in these areas could be related to the impaired binocular vision in amblyopic patients. Promising new binocular treatments might at least partially correct the activation in these areas. Future neuroimaging experiments could help to characterize the brain response changes associated with these treatments and help devise them.
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spelling pubmed-41237262014-08-21 Neuroimaging of amblyopia and binocular vision: a review Joly, Olivier Frankó, Edit Front Integr Neurosci Neuroscience Amblyopia is a cerebral visual impairment considered to derive from abnormal visual experience (e.g., strabismus, anisometropia). Amblyopia, first considered as a monocular disorder, is now often seen as a primarily binocular disorder resulting in more and more studies examining the binocular deficits in the patients. The neural mechanisms of amblyopia are not completely understood even though they have been investigated with electrophysiological recordings in animal models and more recently with neuroimaging techniques in humans. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the brain regions that underlie the visual deficits associated with amblyopia with a focus on binocular vision using functional magnetic resonance imaging. The first studies focused on abnormal responses in the primary and secondary visual areas whereas recent evidence shows that there are also deficits at higher levels of the visual pathways within the parieto-occipital and temporal cortices. These higher level areas are part of the cortical network involved in 3D vision from binocular cues. Therefore, reduced responses in these areas could be related to the impaired binocular vision in amblyopic patients. Promising new binocular treatments might at least partially correct the activation in these areas. Future neuroimaging experiments could help to characterize the brain response changes associated with these treatments and help devise them. Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-08-06 /pmc/articles/PMC4123726/ /pubmed/25147511 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnint.2014.00062 Text en Copyright © 2014 Joly and Frankó. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Joly, Olivier
Frankó, Edit
Neuroimaging of amblyopia and binocular vision: a review
title Neuroimaging of amblyopia and binocular vision: a review
title_full Neuroimaging of amblyopia and binocular vision: a review
title_fullStr Neuroimaging of amblyopia and binocular vision: a review
title_full_unstemmed Neuroimaging of amblyopia and binocular vision: a review
title_short Neuroimaging of amblyopia and binocular vision: a review
title_sort neuroimaging of amblyopia and binocular vision: a review
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4123726/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25147511
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnint.2014.00062
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