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Biogeography of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria

Anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria are able to oxidize ammonia and reduce nitrite to produce N(2) gas. After being discovered in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), anammox bacteria were subsequently characterized in natural environments, including marine, estuary, freshwater, and terre...

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Autores principales: Sonthiphand, Puntipar, Hall, Michael W., Neufeld, Josh D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4123730/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25147546
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00399
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author Sonthiphand, Puntipar
Hall, Michael W.
Neufeld, Josh D.
author_facet Sonthiphand, Puntipar
Hall, Michael W.
Neufeld, Josh D.
author_sort Sonthiphand, Puntipar
collection PubMed
description Anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria are able to oxidize ammonia and reduce nitrite to produce N(2) gas. After being discovered in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), anammox bacteria were subsequently characterized in natural environments, including marine, estuary, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats. Although anammox bacteria play an important role in removing fixed N from both engineered and natural ecosystems, broad scale anammox bacterial distributions have not yet been summarized. The objectives of this study were to explore global distributions and diversity of anammox bacteria and to identify factors that influence their biogeography. Over 6000 anammox 16S rRNA gene sequences from the public database were analyzed in this current study. Data ordinations indicated that salinity was an important factor governing anammox bacterial distributions, with distinct populations inhabiting natural and engineered ecosystems. Gene phylogenies and rarefaction analysis demonstrated that freshwater environments and the marine water column harbored the highest and the lowest diversity of anammox bacteria, respectively. Co-occurrence network analysis indicated that Ca. Scalindua strongly connected with other Ca. Scalindua taxa, whereas Ca. Brocadia co-occurred with taxa from both known and unknown anammox genera. Our survey provides a better understanding of ecological factors affecting anammox bacterial distributions and provides a comprehensive baseline for understanding the relationships among anammox communities in global environments.
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spelling pubmed-41237302014-08-21 Biogeography of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria Sonthiphand, Puntipar Hall, Michael W. Neufeld, Josh D. Front Microbiol Microbiology Anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria are able to oxidize ammonia and reduce nitrite to produce N(2) gas. After being discovered in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), anammox bacteria were subsequently characterized in natural environments, including marine, estuary, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats. Although anammox bacteria play an important role in removing fixed N from both engineered and natural ecosystems, broad scale anammox bacterial distributions have not yet been summarized. The objectives of this study were to explore global distributions and diversity of anammox bacteria and to identify factors that influence their biogeography. Over 6000 anammox 16S rRNA gene sequences from the public database were analyzed in this current study. Data ordinations indicated that salinity was an important factor governing anammox bacterial distributions, with distinct populations inhabiting natural and engineered ecosystems. Gene phylogenies and rarefaction analysis demonstrated that freshwater environments and the marine water column harbored the highest and the lowest diversity of anammox bacteria, respectively. Co-occurrence network analysis indicated that Ca. Scalindua strongly connected with other Ca. Scalindua taxa, whereas Ca. Brocadia co-occurred with taxa from both known and unknown anammox genera. Our survey provides a better understanding of ecological factors affecting anammox bacterial distributions and provides a comprehensive baseline for understanding the relationships among anammox communities in global environments. Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-08-06 /pmc/articles/PMC4123730/ /pubmed/25147546 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00399 Text en Copyright © 2014 Sonthiphand, Hall and Neufeld. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Sonthiphand, Puntipar
Hall, Michael W.
Neufeld, Josh D.
Biogeography of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria
title Biogeography of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria
title_full Biogeography of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria
title_fullStr Biogeography of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria
title_full_unstemmed Biogeography of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria
title_short Biogeography of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria
title_sort biogeography of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4123730/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25147546
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00399
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