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T cell-mediated immune response to respiratory coronaviruses

Emerging respiratory coronaviruses such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) pose potential biological threats to humans. SARS and MERS are manifested as severe atypical pneumonia associated with high morbidity an...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Channappanavar, Rudragouda, Zhao, Jincun, Perlman, Stanley
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer US 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4125530/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24845462
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12026-014-8534-z
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author Channappanavar, Rudragouda
Zhao, Jincun
Perlman, Stanley
author_facet Channappanavar, Rudragouda
Zhao, Jincun
Perlman, Stanley
author_sort Channappanavar, Rudragouda
collection PubMed
description Emerging respiratory coronaviruses such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) pose potential biological threats to humans. SARS and MERS are manifested as severe atypical pneumonia associated with high morbidity and mortality in humans. The majority of studies carried out in SARS-CoV-infected humans and animals attribute a dysregulated/exuberant innate response as a leading contributor to SARS-CoV-mediated pathology. A decade after the 2002–2003 SARS epidemic, we do not have any approved preventive or therapeutic agents available in case of re-emergence of SARS-CoV or other related viruses. A strong neutralizing antibody response generated against the spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV is completely protective in the susceptible host. However, neutralizing antibody titers and the memory B cell response are short lived in SARS-recovered patients and the antibody will target primary homologous strain. Interestingly, the acute phase of SARS in humans is associated with a severe reduction in the number of T cells in the blood. Surprisingly, only a limited number of studies have explored the role of the T cell-mediated adaptive immune response in respiratory coronavirus pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss the role of anti-virus CD4 and CD8 T cells during respiratory coronavirus infections with a special emphasis on emerging coronaviruses.
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spelling pubmed-41255302015-08-01 T cell-mediated immune response to respiratory coronaviruses Channappanavar, Rudragouda Zhao, Jincun Perlman, Stanley Immunol Res Immunology at the University of Iowa Emerging respiratory coronaviruses such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) pose potential biological threats to humans. SARS and MERS are manifested as severe atypical pneumonia associated with high morbidity and mortality in humans. The majority of studies carried out in SARS-CoV-infected humans and animals attribute a dysregulated/exuberant innate response as a leading contributor to SARS-CoV-mediated pathology. A decade after the 2002–2003 SARS epidemic, we do not have any approved preventive or therapeutic agents available in case of re-emergence of SARS-CoV or other related viruses. A strong neutralizing antibody response generated against the spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV is completely protective in the susceptible host. However, neutralizing antibody titers and the memory B cell response are short lived in SARS-recovered patients and the antibody will target primary homologous strain. Interestingly, the acute phase of SARS in humans is associated with a severe reduction in the number of T cells in the blood. Surprisingly, only a limited number of studies have explored the role of the T cell-mediated adaptive immune response in respiratory coronavirus pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss the role of anti-virus CD4 and CD8 T cells during respiratory coronavirus infections with a special emphasis on emerging coronaviruses. Springer US 2014-05-21 2014 /pmc/articles/PMC4125530/ /pubmed/24845462 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12026-014-8534-z Text en © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Immunology at the University of Iowa
Channappanavar, Rudragouda
Zhao, Jincun
Perlman, Stanley
T cell-mediated immune response to respiratory coronaviruses
title T cell-mediated immune response to respiratory coronaviruses
title_full T cell-mediated immune response to respiratory coronaviruses
title_fullStr T cell-mediated immune response to respiratory coronaviruses
title_full_unstemmed T cell-mediated immune response to respiratory coronaviruses
title_short T cell-mediated immune response to respiratory coronaviruses
title_sort t cell-mediated immune response to respiratory coronaviruses
topic Immunology at the University of Iowa
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4125530/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24845462
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12026-014-8534-z
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