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Pyrazine analogs are active components of wolf urine that induce avoidance and fear-related behaviors in deer
Our previous studies indicated that a cocktail of pyrazine analogs, identified in wolf urine, induced avoidance and fear behaviors in mice. The effects of the pyrazine cocktail on Hokkaido deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) were investigated in field bioassays at a deer park in Hokkaido, Japan. A set of...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4132518/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25177281 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00276 |
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author | Osada, Kazumi Miyazono, Sadaharu Kashiwayanagi, Makoto |
author_facet | Osada, Kazumi Miyazono, Sadaharu Kashiwayanagi, Makoto |
author_sort | Osada, Kazumi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Our previous studies indicated that a cocktail of pyrazine analogs, identified in wolf urine, induced avoidance and fear behaviors in mice. The effects of the pyrazine cocktail on Hokkaido deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) were investigated in field bioassays at a deer park in Hokkaido, Japan. A set of feeding bioassay trials tested the effects of the pyrazine cocktail odor on the behavior of the deer located around a feeding area in August and September 2013. This odor effectively suppressed the approach of the deer to the feeding area. In addition, the pyrazine cocktail odor provoked fear-related behaviors, such as “tail-flag”, “flight” and “jump” actions, of the deer around the feeding area. This study is the first experimental demonstration that the pyrazine analogs in wolf urine have robust and continual fearful aversive effects on ungulates as well as mice. The pyrazine cocktail might be suitable for a chemical repellent that could limit damage to forests and agricultural crops by wild ungulates. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4132518 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-41325182014-08-29 Pyrazine analogs are active components of wolf urine that induce avoidance and fear-related behaviors in deer Osada, Kazumi Miyazono, Sadaharu Kashiwayanagi, Makoto Front Behav Neurosci Neuroscience Our previous studies indicated that a cocktail of pyrazine analogs, identified in wolf urine, induced avoidance and fear behaviors in mice. The effects of the pyrazine cocktail on Hokkaido deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) were investigated in field bioassays at a deer park in Hokkaido, Japan. A set of feeding bioassay trials tested the effects of the pyrazine cocktail odor on the behavior of the deer located around a feeding area in August and September 2013. This odor effectively suppressed the approach of the deer to the feeding area. In addition, the pyrazine cocktail odor provoked fear-related behaviors, such as “tail-flag”, “flight” and “jump” actions, of the deer around the feeding area. This study is the first experimental demonstration that the pyrazine analogs in wolf urine have robust and continual fearful aversive effects on ungulates as well as mice. The pyrazine cocktail might be suitable for a chemical repellent that could limit damage to forests and agricultural crops by wild ungulates. Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-08-14 /pmc/articles/PMC4132518/ /pubmed/25177281 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00276 Text en Copyright © 2014 Osada, Miyazono and Kashiwayanagi. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Osada, Kazumi Miyazono, Sadaharu Kashiwayanagi, Makoto Pyrazine analogs are active components of wolf urine that induce avoidance and fear-related behaviors in deer |
title | Pyrazine analogs are active components of wolf urine that induce avoidance and fear-related behaviors in deer |
title_full | Pyrazine analogs are active components of wolf urine that induce avoidance and fear-related behaviors in deer |
title_fullStr | Pyrazine analogs are active components of wolf urine that induce avoidance and fear-related behaviors in deer |
title_full_unstemmed | Pyrazine analogs are active components of wolf urine that induce avoidance and fear-related behaviors in deer |
title_short | Pyrazine analogs are active components of wolf urine that induce avoidance and fear-related behaviors in deer |
title_sort | pyrazine analogs are active components of wolf urine that induce avoidance and fear-related behaviors in deer |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4132518/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25177281 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00276 |
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