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Impact of community-based interventions on HIV knowledge, attitudes, and transmission
In 2012, an estimated 35.3 million people lived with HIV, while approximately two million new HIV infections were reported. Community-based interventions (CBIs) for the prevention and control of HIV allow increased access and ease availability of medical care to population at risk, or already infect...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4132935/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25126420 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2049-9957-3-26 |
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author | Salam, Rehana A Haroon, Sarah Ahmed, Hashim H Das, Jai K Bhutta, Zulfiqar A |
author_facet | Salam, Rehana A Haroon, Sarah Ahmed, Hashim H Das, Jai K Bhutta, Zulfiqar A |
author_sort | Salam, Rehana A |
collection | PubMed |
description | In 2012, an estimated 35.3 million people lived with HIV, while approximately two million new HIV infections were reported. Community-based interventions (CBIs) for the prevention and control of HIV allow increased access and ease availability of medical care to population at risk, or already infected with, HIV. This paper evaluates the impact of CBIs on HIV knowledge, attitudes, and transmission. We included 39 studies on educational activities, counseling sessions, home visits, mentoring, women’s groups, peer leadership, and street outreach activities in community settings that aimed to increase awareness on HIV/AIDS risk factors and ensure treatment adherence. Our review findings suggest that CBIs to increase HIV awareness and risk reduction are effective in improving knowledge, attitudes, and practice outcomes as evidenced by the increased knowledge scores for HIV/AIDS (SMD: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.25, 1.07), protected sexual encounters (RR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.25), condom use (SMD: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.03, 1.58), and decreased frequency of sexual intercourse (RR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.61, 0.96). Analysis shows that CBIs did not have any significant impact on scores for self-efficacy and communication. We found very limited evidence on community-based management for HIV infected population and prevention of mother- to-child transmission (MTCT) for HIV-infected pregnant women. Qualitative synthesis suggests that establishment of community support at the onset of HIV prevention programs leads to community acceptance and engagement. School-based delivery of HIV prevention education and contraceptive distribution have also been advocated as potential strategies to target high-risk youth group. Future studies should focus on evaluating the effectiveness of community delivery platforms for prevention of MTCT, and various emerging models of care to improve morbidity and mortality outcomes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4132935 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-41329352014-08-15 Impact of community-based interventions on HIV knowledge, attitudes, and transmission Salam, Rehana A Haroon, Sarah Ahmed, Hashim H Das, Jai K Bhutta, Zulfiqar A Infect Dis Poverty Scoping Review In 2012, an estimated 35.3 million people lived with HIV, while approximately two million new HIV infections were reported. Community-based interventions (CBIs) for the prevention and control of HIV allow increased access and ease availability of medical care to population at risk, or already infected with, HIV. This paper evaluates the impact of CBIs on HIV knowledge, attitudes, and transmission. We included 39 studies on educational activities, counseling sessions, home visits, mentoring, women’s groups, peer leadership, and street outreach activities in community settings that aimed to increase awareness on HIV/AIDS risk factors and ensure treatment adherence. Our review findings suggest that CBIs to increase HIV awareness and risk reduction are effective in improving knowledge, attitudes, and practice outcomes as evidenced by the increased knowledge scores for HIV/AIDS (SMD: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.25, 1.07), protected sexual encounters (RR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.25), condom use (SMD: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.03, 1.58), and decreased frequency of sexual intercourse (RR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.61, 0.96). Analysis shows that CBIs did not have any significant impact on scores for self-efficacy and communication. We found very limited evidence on community-based management for HIV infected population and prevention of mother- to-child transmission (MTCT) for HIV-infected pregnant women. Qualitative synthesis suggests that establishment of community support at the onset of HIV prevention programs leads to community acceptance and engagement. School-based delivery of HIV prevention education and contraceptive distribution have also been advocated as potential strategies to target high-risk youth group. Future studies should focus on evaluating the effectiveness of community delivery platforms for prevention of MTCT, and various emerging models of care to improve morbidity and mortality outcomes. BioMed Central 2014-08-01 /pmc/articles/PMC4132935/ /pubmed/25126420 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2049-9957-3-26 Text en Copyright © 2014 Salam et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Scoping Review Salam, Rehana A Haroon, Sarah Ahmed, Hashim H Das, Jai K Bhutta, Zulfiqar A Impact of community-based interventions on HIV knowledge, attitudes, and transmission |
title | Impact of community-based interventions on HIV knowledge, attitudes, and transmission |
title_full | Impact of community-based interventions on HIV knowledge, attitudes, and transmission |
title_fullStr | Impact of community-based interventions on HIV knowledge, attitudes, and transmission |
title_full_unstemmed | Impact of community-based interventions on HIV knowledge, attitudes, and transmission |
title_short | Impact of community-based interventions on HIV knowledge, attitudes, and transmission |
title_sort | impact of community-based interventions on hiv knowledge, attitudes, and transmission |
topic | Scoping Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4132935/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25126420 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2049-9957-3-26 |
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