Cargando…
Molecular Epidemiology of Ascariasis: A Global Perspective on the Transmission Dynamics of Ascaris in People and Pigs
Background. The roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides infects 0.8 billion people worldwide, and Ascaris suum infects innumerable pigs across the globe. The extent of natural cross-transmission of Ascaris between pig and human hosts in different geographical settings is unknown, warranting investigation. Me...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2014
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4136802/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24688073 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiu193 |
_version_ | 1782331028265762816 |
---|---|
author | Betson, Martha Nejsum, Peter Bendall, Richard P. Deb, Rinki M. Stothard, J. Russell |
author_facet | Betson, Martha Nejsum, Peter Bendall, Richard P. Deb, Rinki M. Stothard, J. Russell |
author_sort | Betson, Martha |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background. The roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides infects 0.8 billion people worldwide, and Ascaris suum infects innumerable pigs across the globe. The extent of natural cross-transmission of Ascaris between pig and human hosts in different geographical settings is unknown, warranting investigation. Methods. Adult Ascaris organisms were obtained from humans and pigs in Europe, Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Barcodes were assigned to 536 parasites on the basis of sequence analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene. Genotyping of 410 worms was also conducted using a panel of microsatellite markers. Phylogenetic, population genetic, and Bayesian assignment methods were used for analysis. Results. There was marked genetic segregation between worms originating from human hosts and those originating from pig hosts. However, human Ascaris infections in Europe were of pig origin, and there was evidence of cross-transmission between humans and pigs in Africa. Significant genetic differentiation exists between parasite populations from different countries, villages, and hosts. Conclusions. In conducting an analysis of variation within Ascaris populations from pig and human hosts across the globe, we demonstrate that cross-transmission takes place in developing and developed countries, contingent upon epidemiological potential and local phylogeography. Our results provide novel insights into the transmission dynamics and speciation of Ascaris worms from humans and pigs that are of importance for control programs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4136802 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-41368022014-08-20 Molecular Epidemiology of Ascariasis: A Global Perspective on the Transmission Dynamics of Ascaris in People and Pigs Betson, Martha Nejsum, Peter Bendall, Richard P. Deb, Rinki M. Stothard, J. Russell J Infect Dis Major Articles and Brief Reports Background. The roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides infects 0.8 billion people worldwide, and Ascaris suum infects innumerable pigs across the globe. The extent of natural cross-transmission of Ascaris between pig and human hosts in different geographical settings is unknown, warranting investigation. Methods. Adult Ascaris organisms were obtained from humans and pigs in Europe, Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Barcodes were assigned to 536 parasites on the basis of sequence analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene. Genotyping of 410 worms was also conducted using a panel of microsatellite markers. Phylogenetic, population genetic, and Bayesian assignment methods were used for analysis. Results. There was marked genetic segregation between worms originating from human hosts and those originating from pig hosts. However, human Ascaris infections in Europe were of pig origin, and there was evidence of cross-transmission between humans and pigs in Africa. Significant genetic differentiation exists between parasite populations from different countries, villages, and hosts. Conclusions. In conducting an analysis of variation within Ascaris populations from pig and human hosts across the globe, we demonstrate that cross-transmission takes place in developing and developed countries, contingent upon epidemiological potential and local phylogeography. Our results provide novel insights into the transmission dynamics and speciation of Ascaris worms from humans and pigs that are of importance for control programs. Oxford University Press 2014-09-15 2014-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC4136802/ /pubmed/24688073 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiu193 Text en © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Major Articles and Brief Reports Betson, Martha Nejsum, Peter Bendall, Richard P. Deb, Rinki M. Stothard, J. Russell Molecular Epidemiology of Ascariasis: A Global Perspective on the Transmission Dynamics of Ascaris in People and Pigs |
title | Molecular Epidemiology of Ascariasis: A Global Perspective on the Transmission Dynamics of Ascaris in People and Pigs |
title_full | Molecular Epidemiology of Ascariasis: A Global Perspective on the Transmission Dynamics of Ascaris in People and Pigs |
title_fullStr | Molecular Epidemiology of Ascariasis: A Global Perspective on the Transmission Dynamics of Ascaris in People and Pigs |
title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Epidemiology of Ascariasis: A Global Perspective on the Transmission Dynamics of Ascaris in People and Pigs |
title_short | Molecular Epidemiology of Ascariasis: A Global Perspective on the Transmission Dynamics of Ascaris in People and Pigs |
title_sort | molecular epidemiology of ascariasis: a global perspective on the transmission dynamics of ascaris in people and pigs |
topic | Major Articles and Brief Reports |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4136802/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24688073 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiu193 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT betsonmartha molecularepidemiologyofascariasisaglobalperspectiveonthetransmissiondynamicsofascarisinpeopleandpigs AT nejsumpeter molecularepidemiologyofascariasisaglobalperspectiveonthetransmissiondynamicsofascarisinpeopleandpigs AT bendallrichardp molecularepidemiologyofascariasisaglobalperspectiveonthetransmissiondynamicsofascarisinpeopleandpigs AT debrinkim molecularepidemiologyofascariasisaglobalperspectiveonthetransmissiondynamicsofascarisinpeopleandpigs AT stothardjrussell molecularepidemiologyofascariasisaglobalperspectiveonthetransmissiondynamicsofascarisinpeopleandpigs |