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Retrieval Intention Modulates the Effects of Directed Forgetting Instructions on Recollection

The neurocognitive basis of memory retrieval is often examined by investigating brain potential old/new effects, which are differences in brain activity between successfully remembered repeated stimuli and correctly rejected new stimuli in a recognition test. In this study, we combined analyses of o...

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Autores principales: Xiao, Xin, Lucas, Heather D., Paller, Ken A., Ding, Jin-hong, Guo, Chun-yan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4139323/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25140658
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0104701
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author Xiao, Xin
Lucas, Heather D.
Paller, Ken A.
Ding, Jin-hong
Guo, Chun-yan
author_facet Xiao, Xin
Lucas, Heather D.
Paller, Ken A.
Ding, Jin-hong
Guo, Chun-yan
author_sort Xiao, Xin
collection PubMed
description The neurocognitive basis of memory retrieval is often examined by investigating brain potential old/new effects, which are differences in brain activity between successfully remembered repeated stimuli and correctly rejected new stimuli in a recognition test. In this study, we combined analyses of old/new effects for words with an item-method directed-forgetting manipulation in order to isolate differences between the retrieval processes elicited by words that participants were initially instructed to commit to memory and those that participants were initially instructed to forget. We compared old/new effects elicited by to-be-forgotten (TBF) words with those elicited by to-be-remembered (TBR) words in both an explicit-memory test (a recognition test) and an implicit-memory test (a lexical-decision test). Behavioral results showed clear directed forgetting effects in the recognition test, but not in the lexical decision test. Mirroring the behavioral findings, analyses of brain potentials showed evidence of directed forgetting only in the recognition test. In this test, potentials from 450–650 ms (P600 old/new effects) were more positive for TBR relative to TBF words. By contrast, P600 effects evident during the lexical-decision test did not differ in magnitude between TBR and TBF items. When taken in the context of prior studies that have linked similar parietal old/new effects to the recollection of episodic information, these data suggest that directed-forgetting effects manifest primarily in greater episodic retrieval by TBR than TBF items, and that retrieval intention may be important for these directed-forgetting effects to occur.
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spelling pubmed-41393232014-08-25 Retrieval Intention Modulates the Effects of Directed Forgetting Instructions on Recollection Xiao, Xin Lucas, Heather D. Paller, Ken A. Ding, Jin-hong Guo, Chun-yan PLoS One Research Article The neurocognitive basis of memory retrieval is often examined by investigating brain potential old/new effects, which are differences in brain activity between successfully remembered repeated stimuli and correctly rejected new stimuli in a recognition test. In this study, we combined analyses of old/new effects for words with an item-method directed-forgetting manipulation in order to isolate differences between the retrieval processes elicited by words that participants were initially instructed to commit to memory and those that participants were initially instructed to forget. We compared old/new effects elicited by to-be-forgotten (TBF) words with those elicited by to-be-remembered (TBR) words in both an explicit-memory test (a recognition test) and an implicit-memory test (a lexical-decision test). Behavioral results showed clear directed forgetting effects in the recognition test, but not in the lexical decision test. Mirroring the behavioral findings, analyses of brain potentials showed evidence of directed forgetting only in the recognition test. In this test, potentials from 450–650 ms (P600 old/new effects) were more positive for TBR relative to TBF words. By contrast, P600 effects evident during the lexical-decision test did not differ in magnitude between TBR and TBF items. When taken in the context of prior studies that have linked similar parietal old/new effects to the recollection of episodic information, these data suggest that directed-forgetting effects manifest primarily in greater episodic retrieval by TBR than TBF items, and that retrieval intention may be important for these directed-forgetting effects to occur. Public Library of Science 2014-08-20 /pmc/articles/PMC4139323/ /pubmed/25140658 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0104701 Text en © 2014 Xiao et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Xiao, Xin
Lucas, Heather D.
Paller, Ken A.
Ding, Jin-hong
Guo, Chun-yan
Retrieval Intention Modulates the Effects of Directed Forgetting Instructions on Recollection
title Retrieval Intention Modulates the Effects of Directed Forgetting Instructions on Recollection
title_full Retrieval Intention Modulates the Effects of Directed Forgetting Instructions on Recollection
title_fullStr Retrieval Intention Modulates the Effects of Directed Forgetting Instructions on Recollection
title_full_unstemmed Retrieval Intention Modulates the Effects of Directed Forgetting Instructions on Recollection
title_short Retrieval Intention Modulates the Effects of Directed Forgetting Instructions on Recollection
title_sort retrieval intention modulates the effects of directed forgetting instructions on recollection
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4139323/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25140658
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0104701
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