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Zinc treatment ameliorates diarrhea and intestinal inflammation in undernourished rats
BACKGROUND: WHO guidelines recommend zinc supplementation as a key adjunct therapy for childhood diarrhea in developing countries, however zinc’s anti-diarrheal effects remain only partially understood. Recently, it has been recognized that low-grade inflammation may influence stunting. In this stud...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4142448/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25095704 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-230X-14-136 |
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author | de Queiroz, Camila AA Fonseca, Said Gonçalves C Frota, Priscila B Figueiredo, Ítalo L Aragão, Karoline S Magalhães, Carlos Emanuel C de Carvalho, Cibele BM Lima, Aldo Ângelo M Ribeiro, Ronaldo A Guerrant, Richard L Moore, Sean R Oriá, Reinaldo B |
author_facet | de Queiroz, Camila AA Fonseca, Said Gonçalves C Frota, Priscila B Figueiredo, Ítalo L Aragão, Karoline S Magalhães, Carlos Emanuel C de Carvalho, Cibele BM Lima, Aldo Ângelo M Ribeiro, Ronaldo A Guerrant, Richard L Moore, Sean R Oriá, Reinaldo B |
author_sort | de Queiroz, Camila AA |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: WHO guidelines recommend zinc supplementation as a key adjunct therapy for childhood diarrhea in developing countries, however zinc’s anti-diarrheal effects remain only partially understood. Recently, it has been recognized that low-grade inflammation may influence stunting. In this study, we examined whether oral zinc supplementation could improve weight, intestinal inflammation, and diarrhea in undernourished weanling rats. METHODS: Rats were undernourished using a northeastern Brazil regional diet (RBD) for two weeks, followed by oral gavage with a saturated lactose solution (30 g/kg) in the last 7 days to induce osmotic diarrhea. Animals were checked for diarrhea daily after lactose intake. Blood was drawn in order to measure serum zinc levels by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Rats were euthanized to harvest jejunal tissue for histology and cytokine profiles by ELISA. In a subset of animals, spleen samples were harvested under aseptic conditions to quantify bacterial translocation. RESULTS: Oral zinc supplementation increased serum zinc levels following lactose-induced osmotic diarrhea. In undernourished rats, zinc improved weight gain following osmotic diarrhea and significantly reduced diarrheal scores by the third day of lactose intake (p < 0.05), with improved jejunum histology (p < 0.0001). Zinc supplementation diminished bacterial translocation only in lactose-challenged undernourished rats (p = 0.03) compared with the untreated challenged controls and reduced intestinal IL-1β and TNF-α cytokines to control levels. CONCLUSION: Altogether our findings provide novel mechanisms of zinc action in the setting of diarrhea and undernutrition and support the use of zinc to prevent the vicious cycle of malnutrition and diarrhea. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4142448 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-41424482014-08-26 Zinc treatment ameliorates diarrhea and intestinal inflammation in undernourished rats de Queiroz, Camila AA Fonseca, Said Gonçalves C Frota, Priscila B Figueiredo, Ítalo L Aragão, Karoline S Magalhães, Carlos Emanuel C de Carvalho, Cibele BM Lima, Aldo Ângelo M Ribeiro, Ronaldo A Guerrant, Richard L Moore, Sean R Oriá, Reinaldo B BMC Gastroenterol Research Article BACKGROUND: WHO guidelines recommend zinc supplementation as a key adjunct therapy for childhood diarrhea in developing countries, however zinc’s anti-diarrheal effects remain only partially understood. Recently, it has been recognized that low-grade inflammation may influence stunting. In this study, we examined whether oral zinc supplementation could improve weight, intestinal inflammation, and diarrhea in undernourished weanling rats. METHODS: Rats were undernourished using a northeastern Brazil regional diet (RBD) for two weeks, followed by oral gavage with a saturated lactose solution (30 g/kg) in the last 7 days to induce osmotic diarrhea. Animals were checked for diarrhea daily after lactose intake. Blood was drawn in order to measure serum zinc levels by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Rats were euthanized to harvest jejunal tissue for histology and cytokine profiles by ELISA. In a subset of animals, spleen samples were harvested under aseptic conditions to quantify bacterial translocation. RESULTS: Oral zinc supplementation increased serum zinc levels following lactose-induced osmotic diarrhea. In undernourished rats, zinc improved weight gain following osmotic diarrhea and significantly reduced diarrheal scores by the third day of lactose intake (p < 0.05), with improved jejunum histology (p < 0.0001). Zinc supplementation diminished bacterial translocation only in lactose-challenged undernourished rats (p = 0.03) compared with the untreated challenged controls and reduced intestinal IL-1β and TNF-α cytokines to control levels. CONCLUSION: Altogether our findings provide novel mechanisms of zinc action in the setting of diarrhea and undernutrition and support the use of zinc to prevent the vicious cycle of malnutrition and diarrhea. BioMed Central 2014-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC4142448/ /pubmed/25095704 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-230X-14-136 Text en Copyright © 2014 de Queiroz et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article de Queiroz, Camila AA Fonseca, Said Gonçalves C Frota, Priscila B Figueiredo, Ítalo L Aragão, Karoline S Magalhães, Carlos Emanuel C de Carvalho, Cibele BM Lima, Aldo Ângelo M Ribeiro, Ronaldo A Guerrant, Richard L Moore, Sean R Oriá, Reinaldo B Zinc treatment ameliorates diarrhea and intestinal inflammation in undernourished rats |
title | Zinc treatment ameliorates diarrhea and intestinal inflammation in undernourished rats |
title_full | Zinc treatment ameliorates diarrhea and intestinal inflammation in undernourished rats |
title_fullStr | Zinc treatment ameliorates diarrhea and intestinal inflammation in undernourished rats |
title_full_unstemmed | Zinc treatment ameliorates diarrhea and intestinal inflammation in undernourished rats |
title_short | Zinc treatment ameliorates diarrhea and intestinal inflammation in undernourished rats |
title_sort | zinc treatment ameliorates diarrhea and intestinal inflammation in undernourished rats |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4142448/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25095704 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-230X-14-136 |
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