HIV Transmission at a Saudi Arabia Hemodialysis Unit
Background. Hemodialysis is associated with increased risk of healthcare-associated infections but considered a low-risk setting for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. We investigated 3 hemodialysis unit (HDU) patients with new HIV infections to determine whether transmission was hemod...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4144264/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24846636 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciu373 |
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author | Mashragi, Faisal Bernstein, Robert S. Al-Mazroa, Mohammad Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A. Filemban, Sanaa Assiri, Abdullah Furukawa, Elaine Al Hazmi, Mohammad Alzahrani, Abdullah Stephens, Gwen Memish, Ziad A. |
author_facet | Mashragi, Faisal Bernstein, Robert S. Al-Mazroa, Mohammad Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A. Filemban, Sanaa Assiri, Abdullah Furukawa, Elaine Al Hazmi, Mohammad Alzahrani, Abdullah Stephens, Gwen Memish, Ziad A. |
author_sort | Mashragi, Faisal |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background. Hemodialysis is associated with increased risk of healthcare-associated infections but considered a low-risk setting for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. We investigated 3 hemodialysis unit (HDU) patients with new HIV infections to determine whether transmission was hemodialysis-associated and to correct factors that contributed to transmission. Methods. Each patient was evaluated for HIV risk factors. Blood samples were tested to determine relatedness of HIV strains. Clinical data (gathered over 18 months) was reviewed to identify seroconversions at 12 HDUs. Infection prevention and control practices were evaluated at 14 HDUs. Findings. No other HIV seroconversions were identified during the study. HIV gag, pol, and env gene sequences were consistent with a clonal relationship. HIV and hepatitis C virus prevalence rates at one HDU 1 (5.7% and 6.5%, respectively) were higher than for 11 other HDUs (0% and 0.15%, respectively). Conclusions. Sequencing supports either patient-to-patient or common-source transmission. Infections occurred despite Saudi Arabia's low HIV prevalence and national dialysis policies that emphasize stringent infection prevention and control practices. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4144264 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-41442642014-08-26 HIV Transmission at a Saudi Arabia Hemodialysis Unit Mashragi, Faisal Bernstein, Robert S. Al-Mazroa, Mohammad Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A. Filemban, Sanaa Assiri, Abdullah Furukawa, Elaine Al Hazmi, Mohammad Alzahrani, Abdullah Stephens, Gwen Memish, Ziad A. Clin Infect Dis HIV/AIDS Background. Hemodialysis is associated with increased risk of healthcare-associated infections but considered a low-risk setting for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. We investigated 3 hemodialysis unit (HDU) patients with new HIV infections to determine whether transmission was hemodialysis-associated and to correct factors that contributed to transmission. Methods. Each patient was evaluated for HIV risk factors. Blood samples were tested to determine relatedness of HIV strains. Clinical data (gathered over 18 months) was reviewed to identify seroconversions at 12 HDUs. Infection prevention and control practices were evaluated at 14 HDUs. Findings. No other HIV seroconversions were identified during the study. HIV gag, pol, and env gene sequences were consistent with a clonal relationship. HIV and hepatitis C virus prevalence rates at one HDU 1 (5.7% and 6.5%, respectively) were higher than for 11 other HDUs (0% and 0.15%, respectively). Conclusions. Sequencing supports either patient-to-patient or common-source transmission. Infections occurred despite Saudi Arabia's low HIV prevalence and national dialysis policies that emphasize stringent infection prevention and control practices. Oxford University Press 2014-09-15 2014-05-20 /pmc/articles/PMC4144264/ /pubmed/24846636 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciu373 Text en © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com. |
spellingShingle | HIV/AIDS Mashragi, Faisal Bernstein, Robert S. Al-Mazroa, Mohammad Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A. Filemban, Sanaa Assiri, Abdullah Furukawa, Elaine Al Hazmi, Mohammad Alzahrani, Abdullah Stephens, Gwen Memish, Ziad A. HIV Transmission at a Saudi Arabia Hemodialysis Unit |
title | HIV Transmission at a Saudi Arabia Hemodialysis Unit |
title_full | HIV Transmission at a Saudi Arabia Hemodialysis Unit |
title_fullStr | HIV Transmission at a Saudi Arabia Hemodialysis Unit |
title_full_unstemmed | HIV Transmission at a Saudi Arabia Hemodialysis Unit |
title_short | HIV Transmission at a Saudi Arabia Hemodialysis Unit |
title_sort | hiv transmission at a saudi arabia hemodialysis unit |
topic | HIV/AIDS |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4144264/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24846636 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciu373 |
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