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Effectiveness of 7-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Against Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in HIV-Infected and -Uninfected Children in South Africa: A Matched Case-Control Study
Background. South Africa introduced 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in April 2009 using a 2 + 1 schedule (6 and 14 weeks and 9 months). We estimated the effectiveness of ≥2 PCV7 doses against invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected and -uninf...
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| Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
| Lenguaje: | English |
| Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2014
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| Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4144265/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24917657 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciu431 |
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| author | Cohen, Cheryl von Mollendorf, Claire de Gouveia, Linda Naidoo, Nireshni Meiring, Susan Quan, Vanessa Nokeri, Vusi Fortuin-de Smit, Melony Malope-Kgokong, Babatyi Moore, David Reubenson, Gary Moshe, Mamokgethi Madhi, Shabir A. Eley, Brian Hallbauer, Ute Kularatne, Ranmini Conklin, Laura O'Brien, Katherine L. Zell, Elizabeth R. Klugman, Keith Whitney, Cynthia G. von Gottberg, Anne Moore, David Verwey, Charl Varughese, Sheeba Archary, Moherndran Naby, Fathima Dawood, Khathija Naidoo, Ramola Elliott, Gene Hallbauer, Ute Eley, Brian Nuttall, James Cooke, Louise Finlayson, Heather Rabie, Helena Whitelaw, Andrew Perez, Dania Jooste, Pieter Naidoo, Dhamiran Kularatne, Ranmini Reubenson, Gary Cohen, Cheryl de Gouveia, Linda du Plessis, Mignon Govender, Nevashan Meiring, Susan Quan, Vanessa von Mollendorf, Claire Fortuin-de Smidt, Melony Naidoo, Nireshni Malope-Kgokong, Babatyi Nokeri, Vusi Ncha, Relebohile Lindani, Sonwabo von Gottberg, Anne Spies, Barry Sono, Lino Maredi, Phasweni Hamese, Ken Moshe, Mamokgethi Nchabeleng, Maphosane Ngcobo, Ntombenhle van den Heever, Johann Madhi, Shabir Conklin, Laura Verani, Jennifer Whitney, Cynthia Zell, Elizabeth Loo, Jennifer Nelson, George Klugman, Keith O'Brien, Katherine |
| author_facet | Cohen, Cheryl von Mollendorf, Claire de Gouveia, Linda Naidoo, Nireshni Meiring, Susan Quan, Vanessa Nokeri, Vusi Fortuin-de Smit, Melony Malope-Kgokong, Babatyi Moore, David Reubenson, Gary Moshe, Mamokgethi Madhi, Shabir A. Eley, Brian Hallbauer, Ute Kularatne, Ranmini Conklin, Laura O'Brien, Katherine L. Zell, Elizabeth R. Klugman, Keith Whitney, Cynthia G. von Gottberg, Anne Moore, David Verwey, Charl Varughese, Sheeba Archary, Moherndran Naby, Fathima Dawood, Khathija Naidoo, Ramola Elliott, Gene Hallbauer, Ute Eley, Brian Nuttall, James Cooke, Louise Finlayson, Heather Rabie, Helena Whitelaw, Andrew Perez, Dania Jooste, Pieter Naidoo, Dhamiran Kularatne, Ranmini Reubenson, Gary Cohen, Cheryl de Gouveia, Linda du Plessis, Mignon Govender, Nevashan Meiring, Susan Quan, Vanessa von Mollendorf, Claire Fortuin-de Smidt, Melony Naidoo, Nireshni Malope-Kgokong, Babatyi Nokeri, Vusi Ncha, Relebohile Lindani, Sonwabo von Gottberg, Anne Spies, Barry Sono, Lino Maredi, Phasweni Hamese, Ken Moshe, Mamokgethi Nchabeleng, Maphosane Ngcobo, Ntombenhle van den Heever, Johann Madhi, Shabir Conklin, Laura Verani, Jennifer Whitney, Cynthia Zell, Elizabeth Loo, Jennifer Nelson, George Klugman, Keith O'Brien, Katherine |
| author_sort | Cohen, Cheryl |
| collection | PubMed |
| description | Background. South Africa introduced 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in April 2009 using a 2 + 1 schedule (6 and 14 weeks and 9 months). We estimated the effectiveness of ≥2 PCV7 doses against invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected and -uninfected children. Methods. IPD (pneumococcus identified from a normally sterile site) cases were identified through national laboratory-based surveillance. Specimens were serotyped by Quellung or polymerase chain reaction. Four controls, matched for age, HIV status, and hospital were sought for each case. Using conditional logistic regression, we calculated vaccine effectiveness (VE) as 1 minus the adjusted odds ratio for vaccination. Results. From March 2010 through November 2012, we enrolled 187 HIV-uninfected (48 [26%] vaccine serotype) and 109 HIV-infected (43 [39%] vaccine serotype) cases and 752 HIV-uninfected and 347 HIV-infected controls aged ≥16 weeks. Effectiveness of ≥2 PCV7 doses against vaccine-serotype IPD was 74% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25%–91%) among HIV-uninfected and −12% (95% CI, −449% to 77%) among HIV-infected children. Effectiveness of ≥3 doses against vaccine-serotype IPD was 90% (95% CI, 14%–99%) among HIV-uninfected and 57% (95% CI, −371% to 96%) among HIV-infected children. Among HIV-exposed but -uninfected children, effectiveness of ≥2 doses was 92% (95% CI, 47%–99%) against vaccine-serotype IPD. Effectiveness of ≥2 doses against all-serotype multidrug-resistant IPD was 96% (95% CI, 62%–100%) among HIV-uninfected children. Conclusions. A 2 + 1 PCV7 schedule was effective in preventing vaccine-serotype IPD in HIV-uninfected and HIV-exposed, uninfected children. This finding supports the World Health Organization recommendation for this schedule as an alternative to a 3-dose primary series among HIV-uninfected individuals. |
| format | Online Article Text |
| id | pubmed-4144265 |
| institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | Oxford University Press |
| record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
| spelling | pubmed-41442652014-08-26 Effectiveness of 7-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Against Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in HIV-Infected and -Uninfected Children in South Africa: A Matched Case-Control Study Cohen, Cheryl von Mollendorf, Claire de Gouveia, Linda Naidoo, Nireshni Meiring, Susan Quan, Vanessa Nokeri, Vusi Fortuin-de Smit, Melony Malope-Kgokong, Babatyi Moore, David Reubenson, Gary Moshe, Mamokgethi Madhi, Shabir A. Eley, Brian Hallbauer, Ute Kularatne, Ranmini Conklin, Laura O'Brien, Katherine L. Zell, Elizabeth R. Klugman, Keith Whitney, Cynthia G. von Gottberg, Anne Moore, David Verwey, Charl Varughese, Sheeba Archary, Moherndran Naby, Fathima Dawood, Khathija Naidoo, Ramola Elliott, Gene Hallbauer, Ute Eley, Brian Nuttall, James Cooke, Louise Finlayson, Heather Rabie, Helena Whitelaw, Andrew Perez, Dania Jooste, Pieter Naidoo, Dhamiran Kularatne, Ranmini Reubenson, Gary Cohen, Cheryl de Gouveia, Linda du Plessis, Mignon Govender, Nevashan Meiring, Susan Quan, Vanessa von Mollendorf, Claire Fortuin-de Smidt, Melony Naidoo, Nireshni Malope-Kgokong, Babatyi Nokeri, Vusi Ncha, Relebohile Lindani, Sonwabo von Gottberg, Anne Spies, Barry Sono, Lino Maredi, Phasweni Hamese, Ken Moshe, Mamokgethi Nchabeleng, Maphosane Ngcobo, Ntombenhle van den Heever, Johann Madhi, Shabir Conklin, Laura Verani, Jennifer Whitney, Cynthia Zell, Elizabeth Loo, Jennifer Nelson, George Klugman, Keith O'Brien, Katherine Clin Infect Dis Articles and Commentaries Background. South Africa introduced 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in April 2009 using a 2 + 1 schedule (6 and 14 weeks and 9 months). We estimated the effectiveness of ≥2 PCV7 doses against invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected and -uninfected children. Methods. IPD (pneumococcus identified from a normally sterile site) cases were identified through national laboratory-based surveillance. Specimens were serotyped by Quellung or polymerase chain reaction. Four controls, matched for age, HIV status, and hospital were sought for each case. Using conditional logistic regression, we calculated vaccine effectiveness (VE) as 1 minus the adjusted odds ratio for vaccination. Results. From March 2010 through November 2012, we enrolled 187 HIV-uninfected (48 [26%] vaccine serotype) and 109 HIV-infected (43 [39%] vaccine serotype) cases and 752 HIV-uninfected and 347 HIV-infected controls aged ≥16 weeks. Effectiveness of ≥2 PCV7 doses against vaccine-serotype IPD was 74% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25%–91%) among HIV-uninfected and −12% (95% CI, −449% to 77%) among HIV-infected children. Effectiveness of ≥3 doses against vaccine-serotype IPD was 90% (95% CI, 14%–99%) among HIV-uninfected and 57% (95% CI, −371% to 96%) among HIV-infected children. Among HIV-exposed but -uninfected children, effectiveness of ≥2 doses was 92% (95% CI, 47%–99%) against vaccine-serotype IPD. Effectiveness of ≥2 doses against all-serotype multidrug-resistant IPD was 96% (95% CI, 62%–100%) among HIV-uninfected children. Conclusions. A 2 + 1 PCV7 schedule was effective in preventing vaccine-serotype IPD in HIV-uninfected and HIV-exposed, uninfected children. This finding supports the World Health Organization recommendation for this schedule as an alternative to a 3-dose primary series among HIV-uninfected individuals. Oxford University Press 2014-09-15 2014-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC4144265/ /pubmed/24917657 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciu431 Text en © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com. |
| spellingShingle | Articles and Commentaries Cohen, Cheryl von Mollendorf, Claire de Gouveia, Linda Naidoo, Nireshni Meiring, Susan Quan, Vanessa Nokeri, Vusi Fortuin-de Smit, Melony Malope-Kgokong, Babatyi Moore, David Reubenson, Gary Moshe, Mamokgethi Madhi, Shabir A. Eley, Brian Hallbauer, Ute Kularatne, Ranmini Conklin, Laura O'Brien, Katherine L. Zell, Elizabeth R. Klugman, Keith Whitney, Cynthia G. von Gottberg, Anne Moore, David Verwey, Charl Varughese, Sheeba Archary, Moherndran Naby, Fathima Dawood, Khathija Naidoo, Ramola Elliott, Gene Hallbauer, Ute Eley, Brian Nuttall, James Cooke, Louise Finlayson, Heather Rabie, Helena Whitelaw, Andrew Perez, Dania Jooste, Pieter Naidoo, Dhamiran Kularatne, Ranmini Reubenson, Gary Cohen, Cheryl de Gouveia, Linda du Plessis, Mignon Govender, Nevashan Meiring, Susan Quan, Vanessa von Mollendorf, Claire Fortuin-de Smidt, Melony Naidoo, Nireshni Malope-Kgokong, Babatyi Nokeri, Vusi Ncha, Relebohile Lindani, Sonwabo von Gottberg, Anne Spies, Barry Sono, Lino Maredi, Phasweni Hamese, Ken Moshe, Mamokgethi Nchabeleng, Maphosane Ngcobo, Ntombenhle van den Heever, Johann Madhi, Shabir Conklin, Laura Verani, Jennifer Whitney, Cynthia Zell, Elizabeth Loo, Jennifer Nelson, George Klugman, Keith O'Brien, Katherine Effectiveness of 7-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Against Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in HIV-Infected and -Uninfected Children in South Africa: A Matched Case-Control Study |
| title | Effectiveness of 7-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Against Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in HIV-Infected and -Uninfected Children in South Africa: A Matched Case-Control Study |
| title_full | Effectiveness of 7-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Against Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in HIV-Infected and -Uninfected Children in South Africa: A Matched Case-Control Study |
| title_fullStr | Effectiveness of 7-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Against Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in HIV-Infected and -Uninfected Children in South Africa: A Matched Case-Control Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effectiveness of 7-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Against Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in HIV-Infected and -Uninfected Children in South Africa: A Matched Case-Control Study |
| title_short | Effectiveness of 7-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Against Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in HIV-Infected and -Uninfected Children in South Africa: A Matched Case-Control Study |
| title_sort | effectiveness of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against invasive pneumococcal disease in hiv-infected and -uninfected children in south africa: a matched case-control study |
| topic | Articles and Commentaries |
| url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4144265/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24917657 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciu431 |
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