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Emerging treatments in type 2 diabetes: focus on canagliflozin

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder, which affects more than 300 million people globally. The common effect of uncontrolled diabetes is the state of hyperglycemia, which results from beta-cell dysfunction as well as insulin resistance, which is accompanied with microvas...

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Autores principales: Rosiak, Marek, Grzeszczak, Susanna, Kosior, Dariusz A, Postuła, Marek
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove Medical Press 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4149387/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25187722
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/TCRM.S39145
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author Rosiak, Marek
Grzeszczak, Susanna
Kosior, Dariusz A
Postuła, Marek
author_facet Rosiak, Marek
Grzeszczak, Susanna
Kosior, Dariusz A
Postuła, Marek
author_sort Rosiak, Marek
collection PubMed
description Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder, which affects more than 300 million people globally. The common effect of uncontrolled diabetes is the state of hyperglycemia, which results from beta-cell dysfunction as well as insulin resistance, which is accompanied with microvascular and macrovascular complications. As hyperglycemia defines diabetes, glycemic control is fundamental to the management of diabetes. Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2) are a new group of oral antidiabetic medications that act by blocking the reabsorption of glucose, causing it to be excreted in the urine. Canagliflozin was the first SGLT2 inhibitor to be approved in the US by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment and control of T2DM and on September 19, 2013, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use of the European Medicines Agency adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the medicinal product Invokana(®). Canagliflozin is a SGLT2 inhibitor, which acts upon the proximal tubules of the kidneys and reduces the renal threshold for glucose. It is highly selective, binding 250 times more potently to SGLT2 than sodium glucose co-transporter 1 inhibitor. This action allows a higher amount of glucose to be excreted within the urine, causing the patient’s plasma glucose level to be decreased and indirectly causing weight loss. Among the most common adverse events are hypoglycemia, headache, nausea, female genital and urinary tract infections, nasopharyngitis, and transient postural dizziness. Given its high efficacy in reducing hyperglycemia and good safety profile as either monotherapy or an add-on treatment to metformin, sulfonylureas, or insulin, canagliflozin seems to be a promising antihyperglycemic drug. Nevertheless, further large-scale and long-term studies should be conducted to evaluate the impact of canagliflozin on cardiovascular risk in T2DM patients.
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spelling pubmed-41493872014-09-03 Emerging treatments in type 2 diabetes: focus on canagliflozin Rosiak, Marek Grzeszczak, Susanna Kosior, Dariusz A Postuła, Marek Ther Clin Risk Manag Review Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder, which affects more than 300 million people globally. The common effect of uncontrolled diabetes is the state of hyperglycemia, which results from beta-cell dysfunction as well as insulin resistance, which is accompanied with microvascular and macrovascular complications. As hyperglycemia defines diabetes, glycemic control is fundamental to the management of diabetes. Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2) are a new group of oral antidiabetic medications that act by blocking the reabsorption of glucose, causing it to be excreted in the urine. Canagliflozin was the first SGLT2 inhibitor to be approved in the US by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment and control of T2DM and on September 19, 2013, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use of the European Medicines Agency adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the medicinal product Invokana(®). Canagliflozin is a SGLT2 inhibitor, which acts upon the proximal tubules of the kidneys and reduces the renal threshold for glucose. It is highly selective, binding 250 times more potently to SGLT2 than sodium glucose co-transporter 1 inhibitor. This action allows a higher amount of glucose to be excreted within the urine, causing the patient’s plasma glucose level to be decreased and indirectly causing weight loss. Among the most common adverse events are hypoglycemia, headache, nausea, female genital and urinary tract infections, nasopharyngitis, and transient postural dizziness. Given its high efficacy in reducing hyperglycemia and good safety profile as either monotherapy or an add-on treatment to metformin, sulfonylureas, or insulin, canagliflozin seems to be a promising antihyperglycemic drug. Nevertheless, further large-scale and long-term studies should be conducted to evaluate the impact of canagliflozin on cardiovascular risk in T2DM patients. Dove Medical Press 2014-08-21 /pmc/articles/PMC4149387/ /pubmed/25187722 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/TCRM.S39145 Text en © 2014 Rosiak et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.
spellingShingle Review
Rosiak, Marek
Grzeszczak, Susanna
Kosior, Dariusz A
Postuła, Marek
Emerging treatments in type 2 diabetes: focus on canagliflozin
title Emerging treatments in type 2 diabetes: focus on canagliflozin
title_full Emerging treatments in type 2 diabetes: focus on canagliflozin
title_fullStr Emerging treatments in type 2 diabetes: focus on canagliflozin
title_full_unstemmed Emerging treatments in type 2 diabetes: focus on canagliflozin
title_short Emerging treatments in type 2 diabetes: focus on canagliflozin
title_sort emerging treatments in type 2 diabetes: focus on canagliflozin
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4149387/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25187722
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/TCRM.S39145
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