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Chlorogenic Acid Protects against Atherosclerosis in ApoE(−/−) Mice and Promotes Cholesterol Efflux from RAW264.7 Macrophages
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is one of the most abundant polyphenols in the human diet and is suggested to be a potential antiatherosclerotic agent due to its proposed hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of CGA on atherosclerosis...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4154672/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25187964 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095452 |
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author | Wu, Chongming Luan, Hong Zhang, Xue Wang, Shuai Zhang, Xiaopo Sun, Xiaobo Guo, Peng |
author_facet | Wu, Chongming Luan, Hong Zhang, Xue Wang, Shuai Zhang, Xiaopo Sun, Xiaobo Guo, Peng |
author_sort | Wu, Chongming |
collection | PubMed |
description | Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is one of the most abundant polyphenols in the human diet and is suggested to be a potential antiatherosclerotic agent due to its proposed hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of CGA on atherosclerosis development in ApoE(−/−) mice and its potential mechanism. ApoE(−/−) mice were fed a cholesterol-rich diet without (control) or with CGA (200 and 400 mg/kg) or atorvastatin (4 mg/kg) for 12 weeks. During the study plasma lipid and inflammatory parameters were determined. Treatment with CGA (400 mg/kg) reduced atherosclerotic lesion area and vascular dilatation in the aortic root, comparable to atorvastatin. CGA (400 mg/kg) also significantly decreased plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol as well as inflammatory markers. Supplementation with CGA or CGA metabolites-containing serum suppressed oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced lipid accumulation and stimulated cholesterol efflux from RAW264.7 cells. CGA significantly increased the mRNA levels of PPARγ, LXRα, ABCA1 and ABCG1 as well as the transcriptional activity of PPARγ. Cholesterol efflux assay showed that three major metabolites, caffeic, ferulic and gallic acids, significantly stimulated cholesterol efflux from RAW264.7 cells. These results suggest that CGA potently reduces atherosclerosis development in ApoE(−/−) mice and promotes cholesterol efflux from RAW264.7 macrophages. Caffeic, ferulic and gallic acids may be the potential active compounds accounting for the in vivo effect of CGA. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4154672 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-41546722014-09-08 Chlorogenic Acid Protects against Atherosclerosis in ApoE(−/−) Mice and Promotes Cholesterol Efflux from RAW264.7 Macrophages Wu, Chongming Luan, Hong Zhang, Xue Wang, Shuai Zhang, Xiaopo Sun, Xiaobo Guo, Peng PLoS One Research Article Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is one of the most abundant polyphenols in the human diet and is suggested to be a potential antiatherosclerotic agent due to its proposed hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of CGA on atherosclerosis development in ApoE(−/−) mice and its potential mechanism. ApoE(−/−) mice were fed a cholesterol-rich diet without (control) or with CGA (200 and 400 mg/kg) or atorvastatin (4 mg/kg) for 12 weeks. During the study plasma lipid and inflammatory parameters were determined. Treatment with CGA (400 mg/kg) reduced atherosclerotic lesion area and vascular dilatation in the aortic root, comparable to atorvastatin. CGA (400 mg/kg) also significantly decreased plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol as well as inflammatory markers. Supplementation with CGA or CGA metabolites-containing serum suppressed oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced lipid accumulation and stimulated cholesterol efflux from RAW264.7 cells. CGA significantly increased the mRNA levels of PPARγ, LXRα, ABCA1 and ABCG1 as well as the transcriptional activity of PPARγ. Cholesterol efflux assay showed that three major metabolites, caffeic, ferulic and gallic acids, significantly stimulated cholesterol efflux from RAW264.7 cells. These results suggest that CGA potently reduces atherosclerosis development in ApoE(−/−) mice and promotes cholesterol efflux from RAW264.7 macrophages. Caffeic, ferulic and gallic acids may be the potential active compounds accounting for the in vivo effect of CGA. Public Library of Science 2014-09-04 /pmc/articles/PMC4154672/ /pubmed/25187964 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095452 Text en © 2014 Wu et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Wu, Chongming Luan, Hong Zhang, Xue Wang, Shuai Zhang, Xiaopo Sun, Xiaobo Guo, Peng Chlorogenic Acid Protects against Atherosclerosis in ApoE(−/−) Mice and Promotes Cholesterol Efflux from RAW264.7 Macrophages |
title | Chlorogenic Acid Protects against Atherosclerosis in ApoE(−/−) Mice and Promotes Cholesterol Efflux from RAW264.7 Macrophages |
title_full | Chlorogenic Acid Protects against Atherosclerosis in ApoE(−/−) Mice and Promotes Cholesterol Efflux from RAW264.7 Macrophages |
title_fullStr | Chlorogenic Acid Protects against Atherosclerosis in ApoE(−/−) Mice and Promotes Cholesterol Efflux from RAW264.7 Macrophages |
title_full_unstemmed | Chlorogenic Acid Protects against Atherosclerosis in ApoE(−/−) Mice and Promotes Cholesterol Efflux from RAW264.7 Macrophages |
title_short | Chlorogenic Acid Protects against Atherosclerosis in ApoE(−/−) Mice and Promotes Cholesterol Efflux from RAW264.7 Macrophages |
title_sort | chlorogenic acid protects against atherosclerosis in apoe(−/−) mice and promotes cholesterol efflux from raw264.7 macrophages |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4154672/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25187964 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095452 |
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