Progress of photodynamic therapy applications in the treatment of musculoskeletal sarcoma (Review)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has clinical approval for use as a minimally invasive therapeutic procedure that is able to exert selective cytotoxic activity toward pathological cells, particularly malignant cells. Following a number of recent technological improvements, PDT has been widely applied to the diagnosis and treatment of malignancies, including lung, esophageal, gastrointestinal, bladder, prostate, head and neck, oral and skin cancer. Studies have shown that osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor afflicting young adults worldwide, and recently, the incidence of bone and soft-tissue malignant tumors has been shown to be increasing, so the use of PDT has become an area of focus for the diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal sarcoma.